Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2013 Apr 7;42(7):3018-32. doi: 10.1039/c2cs35256g.
Rechargeable Li/S batteries have attracted significant attention lately due to their high specific energy and low cost. They are promising candidates for applications, including portable electronics, electric vehicles and grid-level energy storage. However, poor cycle life and low power capability are major technical obstacles. Various nanostructured sulfur cathodes have been developed to address these issues, as they provide greater resistance to pulverization, faster reaction kinetics and better trapping of soluble polysulfides. In this review, recent developments on nanostructured sulfur cathodes and mechanisms behind their operation are presented and discussed. Moreover, progress on novel characterization of sulfur cathodes is also summarized, as it has deepened the understanding of sulfur cathodes and will guide further rational design of sulfur electrodes.
可充电 Li/S 电池由于其高比能量和低成本而受到了极大的关注。它们是包括便携式电子设备、电动汽车和电网级储能在内的应用的有前途的候选者。然而，较差的循环寿命和低功率能力是主要的技术障碍。已经开发了各种纳米结构硫阴极来解决这些问题，因为它们提供了更大的抗粉碎性、更快的反应动力学和更好的可溶性多硫化物捕获。在这篇综述中，介绍并讨论了纳米结构硫阴极的最新进展及其工作原理。此外，还总结了新型硫阴极的特性研究进展，这加深了对硫阴极的理解，并将指导硫电极的进一步合理设计。
