Department of Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2013 Mar;103(3):e78-84. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300831. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
We sought to (1) describe observed cooking and eating facilities in migrant farmworker camps, (2) compare observed conditions with existing farmworker housing regulations, and (3) examine associations of violations with camp characteristics.
We collected data in 182 farmworker camps in eastern North Carolina during the 2010 agricultural season. We compared our observations with 15 kitchen-related housing regulations specified by federal and state housing standards.
We observed violations of 8 regulations in at least 10% of camps: improper refrigerator temperature (65.5%), cockroach infestation (45.9%), contaminated water (34.4%), rodent infestation (28.9%), improper flooring (25.8%), unsanitary conditions (21.2%), improper fire extinguisher (19.9%), and holes or leaks in walls (12.1%). Logistic regression showed that violations were related to the time of the agricultural season, housing type, number of dwellings and residents, and presence of workers with H-2A visas.
Cooking and eating facilities for migrant farmworkers fail to comply with regulations in a substantial number of camps. Greater enforcement of regulations, particularly during occupancy during the agricultural season, is needed to protect farmworkers.
（1）描述移民农场工人营地中观察到的烹饪和餐饮设施，（2）将观察到的条件与现有的农场工人住房法规进行比较，（3）研究违规行为与营地特征之间的关联。
我们在 2010 年农业季节期间在北卡罗来纳州东部的 182 个农场工人营地收集数据。我们将我们的观察结果与联邦和州住房标准规定的 15 项与厨房有关的住房法规进行了比较。
我们观察到至少 10%的营地存在 8 项违规行为：冰箱温度不当（65.5%）、蟑螂滋生（45.9%）、水污染（34.4%）、鼠类滋生（28.9%）、地板不当（25.8%）、不卫生条件（21.2%）、灭火器不当（19.9%）和墙壁有洞或漏水（12.1%）。逻辑回归显示，违规行为与农业季节的时间、住房类型、住宅和居民数量以及 H-2A 签证工人的存在有关。
在大量营地中，移民农场工人的烹饪和餐饮设施不符合法规要求。需要加强法规的执行力度，特别是在农业季节期间的入住期间，以保护农场工人。
