Bulled Nicola
Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, 2006 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 24;10(7):179. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed10070179.
Occupational exposures in the agricultural industry globally have been associated with heightened risk for several diseases. Reports written in South Africa in the last decade have raised awareness of the harsh occupational conditions and human rights abuses suffered by farmworker communities in the wine industry. Despite receiving "fair trade" labels upon reentry into the global market in the 1990s, the working conditions on wine farms in South Africa have remained unchanged and exploitative for centuries. Farmworkers remain dependent on substandard farm housing, have insecure land tenure rights, are exposed to toxic pesticides, are denied access to benefits and unionization, and endure long working hours in harsh environmental conditions with low pay. These occupational conditions are linked to interacting disease clusters: metabolic syndrome, problematic drinking, and communicable diseases including tuberculosis, HIV, and COVID-19. This milieu of interacting diseases with deleterious outcomes is an under-considered occupational syndemic that will likely worsen given both the lasting impacts of COVID-19 and more recent shifts in global public health funding.
全球农业行业的职业暴露与多种疾病的高风险相关。过去十年在南非撰写的报告提高了人们对葡萄酒行业农场工人社区所遭受的恶劣职业条件和人权侵犯的认识。尽管在20世纪90年代重新进入全球市场时获得了“公平贸易”标签，但南非葡萄酒农场的工作条件几个世纪以来一直没有改变，且具有剥削性。农场工人仍然依赖不合标准的农场住房，土地保有权不安全，接触有毒农药，被剥夺福利和加入工会的权利，并且在恶劣的环境条件下长时间工作，工资却很低。这些职业条件与相互作用的疾病集群有关：代谢综合征、问题饮酒以及包括结核病、艾滋病毒和新冠肺炎在内的传染病。这种具有有害后果的相互作用疾病环境是一种未得到充分考虑的职业综合征，鉴于新冠肺炎的持久影响和全球公共卫生资金最近的变化，这种情况可能会恶化。
