Nchu Felix, Magano Solomon R, Eloff Jacobus N
Department of Horticultural Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2012 Mar 30;79(1):E1-5. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v79i1.358.
In this study we examined the anti-tick properties of the essential oil of Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae: Asterales) against Hyalomma rufipes ticks. We obtained the essential oil of T. minuta by hydro-distillation of a combination of fresh flowers, leaves and soft stems, and analysed these by using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-linked mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The oil had a high percentage of monoterpenes and the major compounds identified were cis-ocimene (28.5%), beta-ocimene (16.83%) and 3-methyl-2-(2-methyl-2-butenyl)-furan (11.94%). Hyalomma rufipes adults displayed a significant (P < 0.05) dose repellent response to the essential oil of T. minuta. Probit analysis indicated a repellent EC50 of T. minuta essential oil for male ticks to be 0.072 mL/mL (CI 0.053 mL/mL to 0.086 mL/mL) and 0.070 mL/mL (CI 0.052 mL/mL to 0.084 mL/mL) for female ticks. There were no significant differences in repellent responses between male and female ticks. The oil also significantly (P < 0.05) delayed moulting of 60% of H. rufipes engorged nymphs. These results suggest that T. minuta may be a potential source of anti-tick agents.
在本研究中，我们检测了小万寿菊（菊科：菊目）精油对红棕璃眼蜱的抗蜱特性。我们通过对鲜花、叶片和嫩茎的混合物进行水蒸馏获得了小万寿菊精油，并使用气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对其进行分析。该精油单萜类化合物含量很高，鉴定出的主要化合物为顺式罗勒烯（28.5%）、β-罗勒烯（16.83%）和3-甲基-2-（2-甲基-2-丁烯基）-呋喃（11.94%）。红棕璃眼蜱成虫对小万寿菊精油表现出显著（P<0.05）的剂量驱避反应。概率分析表明，小万寿菊精油对雄蜱的驱避EC50为0.072 mL/mL（置信区间0.053 mL/mL至0.086 mL/mL），对雌蜱为0.070 mL/mL（置信区间0.052 mL/mL至0.084 mL/mL）。雄蜱和雌蜱的驱避反应没有显著差异。该精油还显著（P<0.05）延迟了60%饱血若虫的蜕皮。这些结果表明，小万寿菊可能是抗蜱剂的潜在来源。
