Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
Stress. 2013 Jul;16(4):377-83. doi: 10.3109/10253890.2013.767326. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
The body's adaptive reaction to a stressful event, an allostatic response, involves vigorous physiological engagement with and efficient recovery from stress. Our aim was to investigate the influence of individual predispositions on cardiac responses to and recovery from a standardized psychosocial stress task (Trier Social Stress Task) in peacekeepers. We hypothesized that those individuals with higher trait resilience and those with higher resting vagal control would be more likely to present an allostatic response: a vigorous cardiac response to stress (i.e., reduction in interbeat intervals and heart rate variability (HRV)) coupled with a significant cardiac recovery in the aftermath. Fifty male military personnel with a mean age of 25.4 years (SD ± 5.99) were evaluated after returning from a peacekeeping mission. Electrocardiogram recordings were made throughout the experimental session, which consisted five conditions: basal, speech preparation, speech delivery, arithmetic task, and recovery. Mean interbeat intervals and HRV were calculated for each condition. An Ego-Resilience Scale and resting vagal control assessed individual predispositions. Stress tasks reduced interbeat intervals (tachycardia) and HRV in comparison with basal, with return to basal in the aftermath (p < 0.001, for all comparisons). Resilience and resting vagal control correlated positively with cardiac parameters for both stress reactivity and recovery (r ≥ 0.29; p < 0.05). In conclusion, peacekeepers showing higher trait resilience and those with higher resting vagal control presented a more adaptive allostatic reaction characterized by vigorous cardiac response to stress (i.e., tachycardia and vagal withdrawal) and efficient cardiac recovery after stress cessation.
身体对压力事件的适应反应，即全身适应反应，涉及到与压力的激烈生理互动以及从压力中有效恢复。我们的目的是研究个体倾向对维和人员应对和从标准化社会心理压力任务（特里尔社会压力测试）中恢复的心脏反应的影响。我们假设，那些具有较高特质弹性和较高静息迷走神经控制的个体更有可能表现出全身适应反应：对压力的强烈心脏反应（即，心动间期和心率变异性（HRV）减少），随后心脏有显著恢复。50 名男性军事人员，平均年龄 25.4 岁（SD ± 5.99），在完成维和任务后进行了评估。在整个实验过程中进行心电图记录，包括五个条件：基础状态、演讲准备、演讲、算术任务和恢复。为每个条件计算平均心动间期和 HRV。使用自我弹性量表和静息迷走神经控制评估个体倾向。与基础状态相比，应激任务降低了心动间期（心动过速）和 HRV，随后在恢复后恢复到基础状态（p<0.001，所有比较）。弹性和静息迷走神经控制与应激反应和恢复的心脏参数呈正相关（r≥0.29；p<0.05）。总之，表现出较高特质弹性和较高静息迷走神经控制的维和人员表现出更适应的全身适应反应，其特征是对压力的强烈心脏反应（即心动过速和迷走神经撤退）和应激停止后的有效心脏恢复。
