Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India.
Anal Chim Acta. 2013 Jan 31;762:14-24. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.11.037. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
The applications of nanomaterial modified sensors, molecularly imprinting polymer based, aptamer based, and immunosensors have been described in the determination of steroids using electroanalytical techniques. After a brief description of the steroids and assays in biological fluids, the principles of electrochemical detection with the advantages and the limitations of the various sensors are presented. The nanomaterial modified sensors catalyze the oxidation/reduction of steroids and are suitable for sensing them in environmental samples and biological fluids. The determination of steroids based on their reduction has been found more useful in comparison to oxidation as the common metabolites present in the biological fluids do not undergo reduction in the usual potential window and hence, do not interfere in the determination. The sensors based on immunosensors and aptamers were found more sensitive and selective for steroid determination. Conducting polymer modified bio-sensors and microchip devices are suggested as possible future prospects for the ultra sensitive and simultaneous determination of steroids and their metabolites in various samples.
纳米材料修饰传感器、分子印迹聚合物传感器、适体传感器和免疫传感器在使用电化学技术测定甾体中的应用已经被描述。在简要描述生物体液中的甾体和分析物后，介绍了电化学检测的原理，以及各种传感器的优缺点。纳米材料修饰传感器可以催化甾体的氧化/还原，适用于检测环境样品和生物体液中的甾体。与氧化相比，基于甾体还原的测定方法更为有用，因为生物体液中常见的代谢物不会在通常的电位窗口中还原，因此不会干扰测定。基于免疫传感器和适体的传感器在甾体测定方面表现出更高的灵敏度和选择性。导电聚合物修饰的生物传感器和微芯片设备被认为是在各种样品中超灵敏和同时测定甾体及其代谢物的未来可能前景。
