Jayamohan Harikrishnan, Sant Himanshu J, Gale Bruce K
Department of Mechanical Engineering, State of Utah Center of Excellence for Biomedical Microfluidics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2013;949:305-34. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-134-9_20.
Diagnostic assays implemented in microfluidic devices have developed rapidly over the past decade and are expected to become commonplace in the next few years. Hundreds of microfluidics-based approaches towards clinical diagnostics and pathogen detection have been reported with a general theme of rapid and customizable assays that are potentially cost-effective. This chapter reviews microfluidics in molecular diagnostics based on application areas with a concise review of microfluidics in general. Basic principles of microfabrication are briefly reviewed and the transition to polymer fabricated devices is discussed. Most current microfluidic diagnostic devices are designed to target a single disease, such as a given cancer or a variety of pathogens, and there will likely be a large market for these focused devices; however, the future of molecular diagnostics lies in highly multiplexed microfluidic devices that can screen for potentially hundreds of diseases simultaneously.
在过去十年中，微流控设备中实施的诊断检测方法发展迅速，预计在未来几年将变得司空见惯。已有数百种基于微流控的临床诊断和病原体检测方法被报道，其总体主题是快速且可定制的检测方法，具有潜在的成本效益。本章基于应用领域回顾了分子诊断中的微流控技术，并简要概述了微流控技术。简要回顾了微制造的基本原理，并讨论了向聚合物制造设备的转变。目前大多数微流控诊断设备设计用于针对单一疾病，如特定癌症或多种病原体，这些专注型设备可能会有很大的市场；然而，分子诊断的未来在于能够同时筛查潜在数百种疾病的高度多重化微流控设备。
