Nanfack Chantal, Koki Godefroy, Mbuagbaw Lawrence, Bella Assumpta Lucienne
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, PO Box 1364,Yaounde, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2012;13:54. Epub 2012 Nov 16.
We carried out a cross-sectional analytical survey using data from patients who had done Fluorescein Angiography at the Yaounde Central Hospital Diabetic Retinopathy Prevention and Management Project between October 2007 and January 2010 to identify the risk factors, incidence and severity of different types of diabetic retinopathy. Data from 239 males (57.0%) and 180 females (43.0%) with diabetic retinopathy were included. Their mean age was 58.2 years. A majority of them were living with type II diabetes (96.2%). The mean duration of diabetes was 8.2 years. About sixty percent had both diabetes and hypertension. The average level of glycated haemoglobin was 9.72% (range 6-17.7%). Amongst the 419 patients with diabetic retinopathy, 292(69.7%) had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. One hundred and twelve (26.7%) of those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy had a formal indication for laser photocoagulation. Fifteen patients (3.6%) presented with complicated forms of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic maculopathy was present in 30 patients (7.2%). Diabetic retinopathy is a frequent complication of diabetes in our setting which stems from inadequate emphasis on preventive measures. The technical requirements for managing some of the existing complications are still unavailable. Fluorescein Angiography is an important diagnostic tool which should be popularized.
我们利用2007年10月至2010年1月期间在雅温得中心医院糖尿病视网膜病变预防与管理项目中接受荧光素血管造影检查的患者数据，开展了一项横断面分析调查，以确定不同类型糖尿病视网膜病变的危险因素、发病率和严重程度。纳入了239名男性（57.0%）和180名女性（43.0%）糖尿病视网膜病变患者的数据。他们的平均年龄为58.2岁。其中大多数患有II型糖尿病（96.2%）。糖尿病平均病程为8.2年。约60%的患者同时患有糖尿病和高血压。糖化血红蛋白平均水平为9.72%（范围6 - 17.7%）。在419例糖尿病视网膜病变患者中，292例（69.7%）患有非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变。112例（26.7%）增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者有激光光凝的正式指征。15例患者（3.6%）表现为增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的复杂形式。30例患者（7.2%）存在糖尿病性黄斑病变。在我们的研究环境中，糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病常见的并发症，这源于对预防措施的重视不足。管理一些现有并发症的技术要求仍然无法满足。荧光素血管造影是一种重要的诊断工具，应予以推广。
