Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2013 Apr;60(2):97-101. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12057. Epub 2013 Jan 18.
Two outbreaks of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) infection that coincided with the introduction of two bulls imported from France into two herds located in West Pomerania and Silesia provinces in Poland are described in detail. The first SBV real-time RT-PCR-positive result was obtained during routine testing of one of the imported bulls. The second bull and the affected farms were tracked by further investigation. Transmission of SBV into Polish cattle herds where the bulls were imported was confirmed by viral RNA detection in real-time RT-PCR, virus isolation followed by immunoperoxidase (IPX) staining and seroconversion. SBV RNA was detected also in Culicoides obsoletus pools caught in a trap located 5 km from one of the outbreaks. Testing nearly 900 samples collected prior to the two outbreaks from the same areas or provinces neighbouring with Germany where SBV cases had previously been detected gave negative results for the presence of SBV or specific antibodies. These cases are the first ones detected in cattle in Poland and provide evidence of recent transmission of the pathogen into the country and involvement of midge vectors.
两段 Schmallenberg 病毒（SBV）感染疫情的详细情况如下，这两起疫情均与从法国进口的两头公牛进入波兰西波美拉尼亚省和西里西亚省的两个牛群有关。第一头进口公牛在常规检测中首次获得 SBV 实时 RT-PCR 阳性结果。第二头公牛和受感染的农场通过进一步调查进行了追踪。通过实时 RT-PCR 检测到病毒 RNA、病毒分离后进行免疫过氧化物酶（IPX）染色和血清转化，确认 SBV 传入波兰牛群。在距离其中一起疫情爆发地 5 公里的一个诱捕器中捕获的 Culicoides obsoletus 蚊群中也检测到了 SBV RNA。在德国周边或与之接壤的同一地区或省份，对两个疫情之前的大约 900 个样本进行了检测，结果均为 SBV 或特定抗体阴性。这些病例是波兰首次在牛群中发现的病例，证明了该病原体最近传入该国并涉及到了媒介蠓。
