Heneberg Petr, Literák Ivan
Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruská 87, Prague, Czech Republic.
Parasitol Int. 2013 Jun;62(3):262-7. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 19.
Collyriclum faba (Bremser in Schmalz, 1831) is a monostome digenetic trematode with unknown life cycle. On its definitive bird host, C. faba occurs in pairs within a subcutaneous cyst, the location of which on the host body is the base for differentiating three ecotypes of C. faba. Here we examined the hypothesis connecting strong host-specificity of the ecotypes with the possible existence of cryptic speciation among C. faba. Analysis of conserved nuclear ribosomal DNA regions rejected the cryptic speciation hypothesis. Analyses of the variable ITS1 and ITS2 regions revealed that, despite some differentiation between the ecotypes, several large-scale indels occur in multiple ecotypes. Individuals from multiple cysts affecting each host individual differed in their ITS1 sequences, suggesting the individuals infecting a single host did not have common parents. Since we were the first to sequence C. faba, we attempted to verify its position in the current taxonomic system (Plagiorchiida: Gorgoderoidea). We found that C. faba segregates with the superfamily Microphalloidea (in order of maximum likelihood phylogeny: Prosthogonimidae, Pleurogenidae and Microphallidae) instead of any species of the superfamily Gorgoderoidea, as proposed in the past. The results necessitate reclassification of the family Collyriclidae as a member of Microphalloidea.
豆状殖盘吸虫（Collyriclum faba，Bremser于1831年在Schmalz中描述）是一种单殖双盘吸虫，其生命周期未知。在其终末宿主鸟类体内，豆状殖盘吸虫成对寄生于皮下囊肿中，囊肿在宿主体内的位置是区分豆状殖盘吸虫三种生态型的依据。在此，我们检验了一种假说，即生态型的强宿主特异性与豆状殖盘吸虫中可能存在的隐存种形成之间的联系。对保守核糖体DNA区域的分析否定了隐存种形成假说。对可变的ITS1和ITS2区域的分析表明，尽管各生态型之间存在一些差异，但多个生态型中出现了几个大规模的插入/缺失。感染同一宿主个体的多个囊肿中的个体，其ITS1序列不同，这表明感染单个宿主的个体并非来自共同的亲本。由于我们是首次对豆状殖盘吸虫进行测序，因此试图在当前分类系统（斜睾目：戈尔戈德超科）中验证其位置。我们发现，豆状殖盘吸虫与微睾超科聚在一起（在最大似然系统发育中依次为：前殖科、侧殖科和微睾科），而不是像过去所提议的那样，与戈尔戈德超科的任何物种聚在一起。这些结果使得殖盘吸虫科有必要重新分类为微睾超科的一个成员。
