Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, Smilow 906, New York, NY 10016, USA.
FEBS Lett. 2013 Apr 17;587(8):1119-27. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.017. Epub 2013 Jan 18.
Amyloid formation by the neuropancreatic hormone, islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP or amylin), one of the most amyloidogenic sequences known, leads to islet amyloidosis in type 2 diabetes and to islet transplant failure. Under normal conditions, IAPP plays a role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis by regulating several metabolic parameters, such as satiety, blood glucose levels, adiposity and body weight. The mechanisms of IAPP amyloid formation, the nature of IAPP toxic species and the cellular pathways that lead to pancreatic β-cell toxicity are not well characterized. Several mechanisms of toxicity, including receptor and non-receptor-mediated events, have been proposed. Analogs of IAPP have been approved for the treatment of diabetes and are under investigation for the treatment of obesity.
神经胰腺激素、胰岛淀粉样多肽（IAPP 或胰岛淀粉样肽）的淀粉样形成，是已知最具淀粉样变性的序列之一，导致 2 型糖尿病的胰岛淀粉样变和胰岛移植失败。在正常情况下，IAPP 通过调节饱腹感、血糖水平、肥胖和体重等多种代谢参数，在维持能量平衡方面发挥作用。IAPP 淀粉样形成的机制、IAPP 毒性物质的性质以及导致胰腺β细胞毒性的细胞途径尚未得到很好的描述。已经提出了几种毒性机制，包括受体和非受体介导的事件。IAPP 的类似物已被批准用于治疗糖尿病，并正在研究用于治疗肥胖症。
