Department of Neurology, University Hospital 'Carl Gustav Carus', University of Technology Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2013 Apr;120(4):565-9. doi: 10.1007/s00702-013-0966-4. Epub 2013 Jan 22.
Beyond the cardinal motor symptoms, bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and postural instability, defining the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, there is a big spectrum of non-motor features that patients may suffer from and that may reduce their quality of life. Non-motor symptoms are not only frequent but also often under-reported by patients and caregivers. As they are frequently under-recognized by clinicians, they remain consequently under-treated. This review wants to give a short overview of the importance of non-motor symptoms on patients' quality of life and helpful assessment tools that might facilitate recognition of non-motor features during clinical setting. Given the wide range of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, we concentrate on common issues such as depression and sleep disorders like sleep-onset insomnia or sleep maintenance insomnia and restless legs syndrome. Thereby, we present some recent studies that have investigated the efficacy of dopaminergic drugs, especially dopamine agonists, revealing possible treatment strategies and thus improving disease management.
除了帕金森病的主要运动症状，如运动迟缓、肌肉僵直、震颤和姿势不稳等，用于定义帕金森病的诊断外，还有一大类非运动症状可能会使患者遭受痛苦，并降低其生活质量。非运动症状不仅很常见，而且常常被患者和护理人员漏报。由于临床医生往往对此认识不足，这些症状的治疗也因此不足。本综述旨在简要概述非运动症状对患者生活质量的重要性，以及有助于在临床环境中识别非运动特征的有用评估工具。鉴于帕金森病中非运动症状的范围很广，我们集中讨论了常见问题，如抑郁和睡眠障碍，如入睡困难或睡眠维持困难和不宁腿综合征。因此，我们介绍了一些最近的研究，这些研究调查了多巴胺能药物，特别是多巴胺激动剂的疗效，揭示了可能的治疗策略，从而改善了疾病管理。
