Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
ALTEX. 2013;30(1):67-73. doi: 10.14573/altex.2013.1.067.
The concept of evidence-based toxicology (EBT) was proposed in 2006, but progress since that time has been impeded by differing definitions and goals. This paper describes the parallels and discontinuities between the approach and methods of evidence-based medicine and health care and those proposed for toxicology. The critical element of an evidence-based approach for either discipline is the adoption of unbiased, transparent methodologies during the collection, appraisal, and pooling of evidence. This approach, implemented during the conduct of a systematic review, allows evaluation of the breadth and quality of available evidence. At present, systematic reviews are rarely done in toxicology by regulatory agencies, international organizations, or academic scientists. Adopting an EBT approach will necessitate significant changes in practice as well as attention to distinctive characteristics of toxicological studies, notably their emphasis on identifying harms and their reliance on experimental animal studies. An evidence-based approach does not obviate the role of judgment and values in decision making; its goal is to ensure provision of all available information in a transparent and unbiased manner.
循证毒理学（EBT）的概念于 2006 年提出，但自此以后，由于定义和目标不同，其进展一直受到阻碍。本文描述了循证医学和医疗保健的方法和方法与毒理学所提出的方法之间的相似之处和差异。对于任何学科，循证方法的关键要素都是在收集、评估和汇集证据过程中采用无偏见、透明的方法。这种方法在系统评价过程中实施，可以评估现有证据的广度和质量。目前，监管机构、国际组织或学术科学家很少在毒理学中进行系统评价。采用循证方法将需要在实践中进行重大改变，并需要关注毒理学研究的独特特征，特别是其侧重于识别危害以及对实验动物研究的依赖。循证方法并没有排除在决策中运用判断和价值观；其目标是确保以透明和无偏见的方式提供所有可用信息。
