Eardley Susan, Bishop Felicity L, Cardini Francesco, Santos-Rey Koldo, Jong Miek C, Ursoniu Sorin, Dragan Simona, Hegyi Gabriella, Uehleke Bernhard, Vas Jorge, Jupaneant Ovidiu, Citro Maria Caterina, Fønnebø Vinjar, Quandt Sara A, Lewith George
Complementary and Integrative Medicine Research, University of Southampton, UK.
Forsch Komplementmed. 2012;19(6):302-10. doi: 10.1159/000345839. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
No questionnaire specifically measuring the core components of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use has been validated for use across European Union (EU) countries. We aimed to determine the face validity, acceptability and the participants' comprehension of a pre-existing questionnaire designed to measure 'CAM use', to provide a comparative, standardised questionnaire for use by health care providers, policy makers and purchasers throughout Europe.
Established procedures were employed to translate the questionnaire into 4 EU languages. The translated questionnaires were piloted on 50 healthy adults from each country who may never have used CAM. 10 participants per country also took part in audio-recorded think aloud interviews about the questionnaire. The interviews were transcribed and analysed in the language in which they were conducted; findings were summarised in English. Questionnaire data were pooled across countries, and patterns of completion and missing data were analysed.
The questionnaire was translated into Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Romanian. The mean age of the participants was 43.6 years. 34% were male, 87.4% were either light or heavy CAM users, and 12.6% were non-users. Qualitative analysis identified common problems across countries including a 'hard-to-read' layout, misunderstood terminology and uncertainty in choosing response options. Quantitative analysis confirmed that a substantial minority of respondents failed to follow questionnaire instructions and that some questions had substantial rates of missing data.
The I-CAM-Q has low face validity and low acceptability, and is likely to produce biased estimates of CAM use if applied in England, Romania, Italy, The Netherlands or Spain. Further work is required to develop the layout, terms, some response options and instructions for completion before it can be used across the EU.
尚无专门用于衡量补充和替代医学（CAM）使用核心成分的问卷在欧盟国家得到验证。我们旨在确定一份旨在衡量“CAM使用情况”的现有问卷的表面效度、可接受性以及参与者的理解程度，以便为欧洲各地的医疗保健提供者、政策制定者和购买者提供一份可比较的标准化问卷。
采用既定程序将问卷翻译成4种欧盟语言。将翻译后的问卷在来自每个国家的50名可能从未使用过CAM的健康成年人中进行预试验。每个国家有10名参与者还参加了关于该问卷的有声思维访谈，并进行了录音。访谈内容按照进行语言进行转录和分析；研究结果用英文进行总结。将各国的问卷数据汇总，并分析填写情况和缺失数据的模式。
问卷被翻译成意大利语、西班牙语、荷兰语和罗马尼亚语。参与者的平均年龄为43.6岁。34%为男性，87.4%为轻度或重度CAM使用者，12.6%为非使用者。定性分析确定了各国普遍存在的问题，包括“难以阅读”的版面设计、术语误解以及在选择回答选项时的不确定性。定量分析证实，相当一部分受访者未遵循问卷说明，且一些问题存在大量缺失数据。
I-CAM-Q问卷的表面效度和可接受性较低，如果在英国、罗马尼亚、意大利、荷兰或西班牙应用，可能会对CAM的使用情况产生有偏差的估计。在该问卷能够在欧盟范围内使用之前，需要进一步改进其版面设计、术语、一些回答选项和填写说明。
