Risco D, García A, Serrano E, Fernandez-Llario P, Benítez J M, Martínez R, García W L, de Mendoza J Hermoso
Unidad de Patología Infecciosa, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura (UEX), Cáceres, Spain.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2014 Dec;61(6):555-62. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12060. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Porcine brucellosis is a disease caused by Brucella suis, which is characterized by reproductive disorders in pigs. The number of cases of swine brucellosis has risen in many European countries, likely because of the presence of a wild reservoir of B. suis in wild boar. This study aimed at evaluating factors that may influence the probability of infection with Brucella spp. in wild boar and at assessing the impact of a previous contact with Brucella spp. on reproductive parameters of wild boar. Two hundred and four wild boar living in Extremadura (south-western Spain) were studied. The presence of anti-Brucella antibodies was determined using an indirect ELISA, while the presence of living bacteria in genital organs was evaluated through microbiological cultures. Sex, age, density of wild boar in summer and presence of outdoor pigs were selected as possible risk factors for being seropositive for Brucella spp. in wild boar. In addition, reproductive parameters such as breeding status or potential fertility in females and testis weight in males were estimated and related to the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies. A total of 121 animals were seropositive, resulting in a prevalence of 59.3% (95% CI). In addition, seven isolates of B. suis biovar 2 were obtained. Wild boar density in summer, as well as age and sex, was proposed as factors to explain the probability of Brucella seroconversion, although wild boar density in summer was the key factor. Current measures of reproductive parameters were not influenced by a previous contact with Brucella spp. Isolation of B. suis confirms that wild boar could represent a risk to domestic pig health in the study area. Wild boar density seems to have a great influence in the probability of infections with B. suis and suggests that density management could be useful to control Brucella infection in wild boar.
猪布鲁氏菌病是由猪布鲁氏菌引起的一种疾病，其特征是猪出现生殖障碍。在许多欧洲国家，猪布鲁氏菌病的病例数有所上升，这可能是因为野猪中存在猪布鲁氏菌的野生宿主。本研究旨在评估可能影响野猪感染布鲁氏菌属概率的因素，并评估先前接触布鲁氏菌属对野猪生殖参数的影响。对生活在西班牙西南部埃斯特雷马杜拉的204头野猪进行了研究。使用间接ELISA法测定抗布鲁氏菌抗体的存在情况，同时通过微生物培养评估生殖器官中活菌的存在情况。选择性别、年龄、夏季野猪密度和户外猪的存在作为野猪布鲁氏菌属血清阳性的可能风险因素。此外，还估计了繁殖参数，如雌性的繁殖状态或潜在生育能力以及雄性的睾丸重量，并将其与抗布鲁氏菌抗体的存在情况相关联。共有121只动物血清呈阳性，患病率为59.3%（95%置信区间）。此外，还获得了7株猪布鲁氏菌生物变种2的分离株。夏季野猪密度以及年龄和性别被认为是解释布鲁氏菌血清转化概率的因素，尽管夏季野猪密度是关键因素。目前的生殖参数测量不受先前接触布鲁氏菌属的影响。猪布鲁氏菌的分离证实，在研究区域内野猪可能对家猪健康构成风险。野猪密度似乎对感染猪布鲁氏菌的概率有很大影响，并表明密度管理可能有助于控制野猪中的布鲁氏菌感染。
