Laboratory of Populations Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54373. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054373. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Maternally inherited microorganisms can influence the mtDNA pattern of variation in hosts. This influence is driven by selection among symbionts and can cause the frequency of mitochondrial variants in the population to eventually increase or decrease. Wolbachia infection is common and widespread in Drosophila melanogaster populations. We compared genetic variability of D. melanogaster mitotypes with Wolbachia genotypes among isofemale lines associated with different geographic locations and time intervals to study coevolution of the mtDNA and Wolbachia. Phylogenetic analysis of D. melanogaster mtDNA revealed two clades diverged in Africa, each associated with one of the two Wolbachia genotype groups. No evidence of horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between maternal lineages has been found. All the mtDNA variants that occur in infected isofemale lines are found in uninfected isofemale lines and vice versa, which is indicative of a recent loss of infection from some maternal fly lineages and confirms a significant role of Wolbachia in the D. melanogaster mtDNA pattern of variation. Finally, we present a comparative analysis of biogeographic distribution of D. melanogaster mitotypes all over the world.
母体遗传微生物可以影响宿主中线粒体 DNA 变异的模式。这种影响是由共生体之间的选择驱动的，可能导致种群中线粒体变体的频率最终增加或减少。Wolbachia 感染在黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）种群中很常见且分布广泛。我们比较了与不同地理位置和时间间隔相关的同系雌蝇系中果蝇的线粒体基因型与 Wolbachia 基因型的遗传变异性，以研究 mtDNA 和 Wolbachia 的共同进化。黑腹果蝇 mtDNA 的系统发育分析显示，在非洲分化出两个枝，每个枝与两种 Wolbachia 基因型之一相关。没有发现 Wolbachia 在母系间水平传播的证据。所有发生在感染同系雌蝇系中的 mtDNA 变体也存在于未感染的同系雌蝇系中，反之亦然，这表明一些母系蝇系最近失去了感染，并且证实了 Wolbachia 在黑腹果蝇 mtDNA 变异模式中的重要作用。最后，我们对世界各地的黑腹果蝇线粒体基因型的生物地理分布进行了比较分析。
