Pujol Miquel, Limón Enric
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2013 Feb;31(2):108-13. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Jan 26.
Infections related to the health-care system are those associated with health care practices in hospitalized patients as well as in out-patients with health-care contact. Nosocomial infections affect 5% of in-patients, and carry a high morbidity, mortality and economic cost. The main types of nosocomial infections are related to invasive procedures, and include respiratory tract infection, surgical site infections, urinary tract infections, and vascular catheter bacteremia. It has been shown that the application of checklists and a bundle of measures are useful in preventing these infections. Epidemiological surveillance, defined as the gathering of information to take actions, is the basis of infection control programs. These have evolved from a global surveillance targeted at processes and indicators of nosocomial infection. The comparison of these indicators can be useful in establishing preventive measures.
与医疗保健系统相关的感染是指在住院患者以及有医疗保健接触的门诊患者中与医疗保健实践相关的感染。医院感染影响5%的住院患者，具有高发病率、高死亡率和高昂的经济成本。医院感染的主要类型与侵入性操作有关，包括呼吸道感染、手术部位感染、尿路感染和血管导管菌血症。已证明应用检查表和一系列措施有助于预防这些感染。流行病学监测，定义为收集信息以采取行动，是感染控制计划的基础。这些监测已从针对医院感染过程和指标的全球监测发展而来。比较这些指标有助于制定预防措施。
