Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2013 Dec;35(4):598-606. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fds108. Epub 2013 Jan 27.
Increasing the coverage of key maternal, newborn and child health interventions is essential, if India has to attain Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5. This study assesses the coverage gap in maternal and child health services across states in India during 1992-2006 emphasizing the rural-urban disparities. Additionally, association between the coverage gap and under-5 mortality rate across states are illustrated.
The three waves of National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 1992-1993 (NFHS-1), 1998-1999 (NFHS-2) and 2005-2006 (NFHS-3) were used to construct a composite index of coverage gap in four areas of health-care interventions: family planning, maternal and newborn care, immunization and treatment of sick children.
The central, eastern and northeastern regions of India reported a higher coverage gap in maternal and child health care services during 1992-2006, while the rural-urban difference in the coverage gap has increased in Gujarat, Haryana, Rajasthan and Kerala over the period. The analysis also shows a significant positive relationship between the coverage gap index and under-five mortality rate across states.
Region or area-specific focus in order to increase the coverage of maternal and child health care services in India should be the priority of the policy-makers and programme executors.
如果印度要实现千年发展目标 4 和 5，就必须增加关键母婴和儿童健康干预措施的覆盖范围。本研究评估了印度各邦在 1992 年至 2006 年期间母婴健康服务的覆盖差距，重点强调了城乡差异。此外，还说明了各州覆盖差距与五岁以下儿童死亡率之间的关联。
使用三次全国家庭健康调查（NFHS）的数据进行分析，这三次调查分别在 1992-1993 年（NFHS-1）、1998-1999 年（NFHS-2）和 2005-2006 年（NFHS-3）进行，构建了四个卫生保健干预领域（计划生育、母婴和新生儿保健、免疫接种和儿童疾病治疗）的覆盖差距综合指数。
印度中部、东部和东北部地区在 1992-2006 年期间报告了更高的母婴保健服务覆盖差距，而古吉拉特邦、哈里亚纳邦、拉贾斯坦邦和喀拉拉邦的城乡差距在这一期间有所增加。分析还表明，各州的覆盖差距指数与五岁以下儿童死亡率之间存在显著的正相关关系。
印度应该优先考虑针对特定地区或区域的重点工作，以增加母婴保健服务的覆盖范围。
