Nowak Katarzyna
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. knowak02 @ gmail.com
Folia Primatol (Basel). 2012;83(3-6):361-76. doi: 10.1159/000339810. Epub 2013 Jan 28.
Swamp forests may be important refuges for primates and felids where these taxa are threatened with habitat loss. Mangrove and peat swamp forests, impenetrable, wet habitats, inaccessible and uninhabitable for humans, may, in some regions, be the most significant remaining habitats for threatened species. They are nevertheless neglected in field studies compared to relatively species-rich, terrestrial tropical forests probably, in part, because of the difficulties associated with surveying them. As a result, maps of mammal distributions may overlook swamp forests although camera-trapping is gradually rectifying this gap. I have compiled and mapped records of over 60 primate and 20 felid taxa reported to use mangrove and peat swamp forests in Africa and Asia at 47 sites, of which 21 are Afrotropical mangrove, 25 are Indo-Malayan mangrove or peat swamp forest, and 1 is an outlying mangrove site in Japan. Eleven of these are designated Ramsar Sites. I highlight key sites of conservation priority on the basis of primate and felid species richness and composite 'threat scores'. Petit Loango in Gabon and Gunung Palung National Park in Indonesia emerged as top priority sites in Africa and Asia, respectively. Further research on the role of swamp forests in the ecology and persistence of threatened mammals is needed.
对于面临栖息地丧失威胁的灵长类动物和猫科动物来说，沼泽森林可能是重要的避难所。红树林和泥炭沼泽森林是难以穿越的潮湿栖息地，人类无法进入且不适宜居住，在某些地区，它们可能是濒危物种仅存的最重要栖息地。然而，与物种相对丰富的陆地热带森林相比，它们在实地研究中受到忽视，这可能部分是由于对其进行调查存在困难。因此，哺乳动物分布地图可能会忽略沼泽森林，不过相机陷阱技术正逐渐弥补这一差距。我整理并绘制了60多种灵长类动物和20多种猫科动物的记录，这些动物被报道在非洲和亚洲的47个地点使用红树林和泥炭沼泽森林，其中21个是非洲红树林，25个是印度 - 马来亚红树林或泥炭沼泽森林，1个是日本的偏远红树林地点。其中11个被指定为拉姆萨尔湿地。我根据灵长类和猫科动物的物种丰富度以及综合“威胁评分”，突出了保护优先级的关键地点。加蓬的小洛安戈和印度尼西亚的贡山巴伦国家公园分别成为非洲和亚洲的首要保护地点。需要进一步研究沼泽森林在濒危哺乳动物生态和生存中的作用。
