Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Mar;97(3):471-9. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.044024. Epub 2013 Jan 30.
Flexibility of food reward-related brain signaling (FRS) between food and nonfood stimuli may differ between overweight and normal-weight subjects and depend on a fasted or satiated state.
The objective was to assess this flexibility in response to visual food and nonfood cues.
Twenty normal-weight [mean ± SEM BMI (in kg/m(2)) = 22.7 ± 0.2; mean ± SEM age = 22.4 ± 0.4 y] and 20 overweight (BMI = 28.1 ± 0.3; age = 24.0 ± 0.7 y) participants completed 2 fMRI scans. Subjects arrived in a fasted state and consumed a breakfast consisting of 20% of subject-specific energy requirements between 2 successive scans. A block paradigm and a food > nonfood contrast was used to determine FRS.
An overall stimulus × condition × subject group effect was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (P < 0.006, F((1,38)) = 9.12) and right putamen (P < 0.006, F((1,38)) = 9.27). In all participants, FRS decreased from the fasted to the satiated state in the cingulate (P < 0.005, t((39)) = 3.15) and right prefrontal cortex (PFC) (P < 0.006, t((39)) = 3.00). In the fasted state, they showed FRS in the PFC (P < 0.004, t((39)) = 3.17), left insula (P < 0.009, t((39)) = 2.95), right insula (P < 0.005, t((39)) = 3.12), cingulate cortex (P < 0.004, t((39)) = 3.21), and thalamus (P < 0.006, t((39)) = 2.96). In the satiated state, FRS was limited to the left insula (P < 0.005, t((39)) = 3.21), right insula (P < 0.006, t((39)) = 3.04), and cingulate cortex (P < 0.005, t((39)) = 3.15). Regarding subject group, in the fasted state, FRS in the ACC was more pronounced in overweight than in normal-weight subjects (P < 0.005, F((1,38)) = 9.71), whereas in the satiated state, FRS was less pronounced in overweight than in normal-weight subjects in the ACC (P < 0.006, F((1,38)) = 9.18) and PFC (P < 0.006, F((1,38)) = 8.86), which suggests lower inhibitory control in the overweight.
FRS was higher in the overweight in the satiated state; however, when sufficiently satiated, the overweight showed decreased inhibitory control signalling, which facilitates overeating. This trial was registered in the Dutch clinical trial register as NTR2174.
超重和正常体重的个体在食物和非食物刺激之间的食物奖励相关大脑信号（FRS）的灵活性可能不同，并且取决于空腹或饱腹状态。
目的是评估对视觉食物和非食物线索的这种灵活性。
20 名正常体重[平均 ± SEM BMI（kg/m²）= 22.7 ± 0.2；平均 ± SEM 年龄 = 22.4 ± 0.4 y]和 20 名超重（BMI = 28.1 ± 0.3；年龄 = 24.0 ± 0.7 y）参与者完成了 2 次 fMRI 扫描。受试者空腹到达，并在 2 次连续扫描之间摄入了由 20%特定于受试者的能量需求组成的早餐。使用块范式和食物>非食物对比来确定 FRS。
在扣带前皮质（ACC）（P < 0.006，F（（1,38））= 9.12）和右侧壳核（P < 0.006，F（（1,38））= 9.27）中观察到总体刺激×条件×受试者组效应。在所有参与者中，从空腹到饱腹状态，ACC（P < 0.005，t（（39））= 3.15）和右侧前额叶皮层（PFC）（P < 0.006，t（（39））= 3.00）中的 FRS 降低。在空腹状态下，他们在 PFC（P < 0.004，t（（39））= 3.17）、左侧岛叶（P < 0.009，t（（39））= 2.95）、右侧岛叶（P < 0.005，t（（39））= 3.12）、扣带前皮质（P < 0.004，t（（39））= 3.21）和丘脑（P < 0.006，t（（39））= 2.96）中显示 FRS。在饱腹状态下，FRS 仅限于左侧岛叶（P < 0.005，t（（39））= 3.21）、右侧岛叶（P < 0.006，t（（39））= 3.04）和扣带前皮质（P < 0.005，t（（39））= 3.15）。关于受试者组，在空腹状态下，ACC 中的 FRS 在超重者中比在正常体重者中更为明显（P < 0.005，F（（1,38））= 9.71），而在饱腹状态下，ACC 中超重者的 FRS 不如正常体重者明显（P < 0.006，F（（1,38））= 9.18）和 PFC（P < 0.006，F（（1,38））= 8.86），这表明超重者的抑制控制能力较低。
在饱腹状态下，超重者的 FRS 较高；然而，当充分饱腹时，超重者表现出降低的抑制控制信号，这促进了过度进食。该试验在荷兰临床试验注册中心注册为 NTR2174。
