Etiology, diagnosis, and management of urethral strictures in children.

Urethral strictures in children, like those in adults, are problems whose management embodies all that is basic to urology. It is helpful to think of strictures according to etiology: congenital, infectious-inflammatory, and traumatic (iatrogenic and noniatrogenic). The treatment options are diversion (nearly always temporary), manipulation, and repair. The authors also review their research on urethral healing.