Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
J Clin Pathol. 2013 Jun;66(6):522-8. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201086. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast is a rare and heterogeneous subtype of breast carcinoma with a generally poor outcome, and few therapeutic options once disease recurs or progresses. Metaplastic carcinomas of the breast are usually of a larger size at diagnosis, with less frequent nodal metastasis compared with invasive ductal carcinoma no special type, and lack hormone and HER2 receptor expression. Recent research has revealed some potentially actionable genetic changes in a subset of these rare tumours. However, ongoing efforts to further characterise the genetic basis and the molecular alterations underlying the distinctive morphological and clinical characteristics of these tumours are needed in order to identify new targets for treatment. This review will describe the theories of pathogenesis of metaplastic breast carcinoma, and highlight genetic changes and potential therapeutic targets in this generally poor prognosis malignancy.
乳腺化生性癌是一种罕见且异质性的乳腺癌亚型，其总体预后较差，且疾病复发或进展后治疗选择有限。与非特殊型浸润性导管癌相比，乳腺化生性癌通常在诊断时体积更大，淋巴结转移的频率更低，且缺乏激素和 HER2 受体表达。最近的研究揭示了这些罕见肿瘤中的一部分潜在的可靶向遗传改变。然而，需要进一步阐明这些肿瘤独特的形态学和临床特征的遗传基础和分子改变，以确定新的治疗靶点，这是目前正在进行的研究。本综述将描述乳腺化生性癌的发病理论，并强调这种普遍预后不良的恶性肿瘤中的遗传改变和潜在的治疗靶点。
