Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, NYU School of Medicine, Smilow 7, 522 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, USA.
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2013 Apr;23(3):80-4. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2012.09.004. Epub 2013 Feb 1.
Hypoxia has been found in the atherosclerotic plaques of larger mammals, including humans. Whether hypoxia occurs in the plaques of standard mouse models with atherosclerosis has been controversial, given their small size. In this review, we summarize the findings of a recent report demonstrating that direct evidence of hypoxia can indeed be found in the plaques of mice deficient in apolipoprotein E (apoE-/-mice). Furthermore, studies in vitro showed that hypoxia promoted lipid synthesis and reduced cholesterol efflux through the ABCA1 pathway, and that the transcription factor HIF-1α mediated many, but not all, of the effects. These results are discussed in the context of the literature and clinical practice.
缺氧已在大型哺乳动物的动脉粥样硬化斑块中被发现，包括人类。由于标准动脉粥样硬化小鼠模型体积较小，因此关于缺氧是否发生在这些斑块中一直存在争议。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近一份报告的发现，该报告表明，载脂蛋白 E 缺陷（apoE-/-）小鼠的斑块中确实存在缺氧的直接证据。此外，体外研究表明，缺氧通过 ABCA1 途径促进脂质合成和减少胆固醇外排，转录因子 HIF-1α 介导了许多但不是所有的作用。这些结果在文献和临床实践的背景下进行了讨论。
