Elster A B, Ketterlinus R, Lamb M E
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.
Pediatrics. 1990 Jun;85(6):1044-50.
The association between problem behaviors and parental status was studied in a national sample of urban (n = 1263) and rural (n = 388) young women 15 to 17 years of age. When assessed according to age at childbearing, there was a clear association between problem behavior and the birth of a first child prior to age 19 years. The three parental status groups studied appeared ordered in risk, with school-aged mothers having engaged in the most problem behaviors, and followed, in turn, by young adult mothers (ie, those who had a child between 19 and 21 years of age), and then by women who had not had a child by age 21 years. Young urban women who engaged in three or more problem behaviors were more likely than women who claimed no involvement in problem behaviors to subsequently have a child prior to age 19 years. In addition, black adolescents reported fewer problem behaviors than did white adolescents. When individual behaviors were analyzed, school-aged mothers were more likely than either young adult mothers or nonmothers to have reported school suspension, truancy, runaway, smoking marijuana, and fighting. Although similar results were found in both samples, the effects appeared more consistent for young urban women. In future studies, researchers must determine whether adolescent mothers are at risk for parenting difficulties because of their previous involvement in problem behaviors.
在一个全国性样本中，对15至17岁的城市（n = 1263）和农村（n = 388）年轻女性的问题行为与父母身份之间的关联进行了研究。根据生育年龄进行评估时，问题行为与19岁之前生育第一个孩子之间存在明显关联。所研究的三个父母身份组在风险方面似乎呈现出一定顺序，学龄母亲出现的问题行为最多，其次是年轻成年母亲（即那些在19至21岁之间生育孩子的母亲），然后是21岁时仍未生育孩子的女性。与声称未参与问题行为的女性相比，有三种或更多问题行为的年轻城市女性在随后19岁之前生育孩子的可能性更大。此外，黑人青少年报告的问题行为比白人青少年少。在对个体行为进行分析时，学龄母亲比年轻成年母亲或未生育的母亲更有可能报告有被学校停学、逃学、离家出走、吸食大麻和打架的情况。尽管在两个样本中都发现了类似结果，但这些影响在年轻城市女性中似乎更为一致。在未来的研究中，研究人员必须确定青少年母亲是否因其之前参与问题行为而面临育儿困难的风险。
