Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences U836, Université Joseph Fourier, Site Santé La Tronche BP 170, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France,
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013 Oct;70(19):3591-601. doi: 10.1007/s00018-013-1262-z. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
It is now widely accepted that neurogenesis continues throughout life. Accumulating evidence suggests that neurotransmitters are essential signaling molecules that control the different steps of neurogenesis. Nevertheless, we are only beginning to understand the precise role of neurotransmitter receptors and in particular excitatory glutamatergic transmission in the differentiation of adult-born neurons. Recent technical advances allow single-cell gene deletion to study cell-autonomous effects during the maturation of adult-born neurons. Single-cell gene deletion overcomes some of the difficulties in interpreting global gene deletion effects on entire brain areas or systemic pharmacological approaches that might result in compensatory circuit effects. The aim of this review is to summarize recent advances in the understanding of the role of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) during the differentiation of adult-born neurons and put them in perspective with previous findings on cortical development.
现在人们普遍认为神经发生贯穿人的一生。越来越多的证据表明，神经递质是控制神经发生不同步骤的必需信号分子。然而，我们才刚刚开始了解神经递质受体的精确作用，特别是兴奋性谷氨酸能传递在成年神经元分化中的作用。最近的技术进步允许进行单细胞基因缺失，以研究成年神经元成熟过程中的细胞自主效应。单细胞基因缺失克服了在整个大脑区域进行全基因组缺失或系统药理学方法研究的一些困难，因为这些方法可能导致代偿性电路效应。本综述的目的是总结近年来对 NMDA 受体（NMDARs）在成年神经元分化过程中作用的理解，并将其与以前关于皮质发育的发现进行比较。
