Centre for Addictions Research of British Columbia, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Addiction. 2013 Jun;108(6):1059-69. doi: 10.1111/add.12139. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
To investigate relationships between periodic increases in minimum alcohol prices, changing densities of liquor stores and alcohol-attributable (AA) deaths in British Columbia, Canada.
Cross-section (16 geographic areas) versus time-series (32 annual quarters) panel analyses were conducted with AA deaths as dependent variables and price, outlet densities and socio-demographic characteristics as independent variables.
Populations of 16 Health Service Delivery Areas in British Columbia, Canada.
Age-sex-standardized rates of acute, chronic and wholly AA mortality; population densities of restaurants, bars, government and private liquor stores; minimum prices of alcohol in dollars per standard drink.
A 10% increase in average minimum price for all alcoholic beverages was associated with a 31.72% [95% confidence interval (CI): ± 25.73%, P < 0.05] reduction in wholly AA deaths. Significantly negative lagged associations were also detected up to 12 months after minimum price increases for wholly but not for acute or chronic AA deaths. Significant reductions in chronic and total AA deaths were detected between 2 and 3 years after minimum price increases. Significant but inconsistent lagged associations were detected for acute AA deaths. A 10% increase in private liquor stores was associated with a 2.45% (95% CI: ± 2.39%, P < 0.05), 2.36% (95% CI: ± 1.57%, P < 0.05) and 1.99% (95% CI: ± 1.76%, P < 0.05) increase in acute, chronic and total AA mortality rates.
Increases in the minimum price of alcohol in British Columbia, Canada, between 2002 and 2009 were associated with immediate and delayed decreases in alcohol-attributable mortality. By contrast, increases in the density of private liquor stores were associated with increases in alcohol-attributable mortality.
调查加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省最低酒精价格周期性上涨、酒类专卖店密度变化与酒精归因死亡（AA）之间的关系。
以 AA 死亡为因变量，以价格、酒类专卖店密度和社会人口统计学特征为自变量，进行 16 个地理区域（32 个年度季度）的横断面（交叉）与时间序列（时间序列）面板分析。
加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省 16 个卫生服务提供地区的人群。
急性、慢性和完全 AA 死亡率的年龄-性别标准化率；餐馆、酒吧、政府和私营酒类专卖店的人口密度；每标准饮品的酒精最低价格（以美元计）。
所有酒精饮料平均最低价格上涨 10%，完全归因于 AA 的死亡人数减少 31.72%（95%置信区间[CI]：±25.73%，P<0.05）。在最低价格上涨后长达 12 个月，完全但不是急性或慢性 AA 死亡也发现了显著的滞后负相关。在最低价格上涨后 2 至 3 年内，慢性和总 AA 死亡显著减少。在急性 AA 死亡中检测到显著但不一致的滞后关联。酒类专卖店密度增加 10%，与急性、慢性和总 AA 死亡率分别增加 2.45%（95%CI：±2.39%，P<0.05）、2.36%（95%CI：±1.57%，P<0.05）和 1.99%（95%CI：±1.76%，P<0.05）相关。
2002 年至 2009 年期间，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省酒精最低价格的上涨与急性和慢性 AA 死亡率的即时和延迟下降有关。相比之下，私营酒类专卖店密度的增加与酒精归因死亡率的增加有关。
