Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Department of Health Policy and Management, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore MD 21205, USA.
J Safety Res. 2013 Feb;44:45-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.10.013. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
The purpose of this research is to describe the leading circumstances of military vehicle crashes to guide prioritization and implementation of crash avoidance and/or warning technologies.
A descriptive study using narrative text analysis on 3,944 military vehicle crash narratives. Crash data on drivers, from 2001 to 2006, were assembled from the U.S. Army Combat Readiness/Safety Center. Reviewers collected information on the circumstances of crashes and determined if vehicle technology could have prevented the crash.
Nearly 98% of the crashes were nonfatal; 63% occurred in the U.S. and 24% in Iraq. Among crash events where the direction of the impact was recorded, 32% were to the front of the vehicle and 16% involved a vehicle being rear-ended. Rollovers were mentioned in 20% of the narratives. Technology was determined to have the potential to prevent 26% of the crashes, with the forward collision warning system, rear end collision avoidance, emergency brake assistance, and rollover stability control system likely to have the greatest impacts.
Some technologies available for civilian vehicles may prevent certain military crash circumstances.
The results of this research are significant in light of ongoing global military operations that rely on military vehicles. Improving the preventive technology featured on military vehicles may be an effective strategy to reduce the occurrence of military crashes.
本研究旨在描述军用车辆碰撞的主要情况，以指导防撞和/或预警技术的优先排序和实施。
使用叙述性文本分析对 3944 份军用车辆碰撞报告进行描述性研究。2001 年至 2006 年期间，从美国陆军作战准备/安全中心收集了驾驶员的碰撞数据。审查员收集了有关碰撞情况的信息，并确定车辆技术是否可以防止碰撞。
近 98%的碰撞是非致命的；63%发生在美国，24%发生在伊拉克。在记录了碰撞方向的碰撞事件中，32%是正面碰撞，16%涉及车辆被追尾。20%的叙述中提到了翻车事故。确定技术有可能预防 26%的碰撞，其中前碰撞预警系统、后碰撞避免、紧急制动辅助和翻车稳定控制系统可能具有最大的影响。
一些民用车辆可用的技术可能会防止某些军用车辆碰撞情况的发生。
鉴于全球军事行动依赖军用车辆，本研究的结果意义重大。改进军用车辆上的预防技术可能是减少军用车辆碰撞发生的有效策略。
