Institut für Zoologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
J Insect Physiol. 2013 Apr;59(4):475-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.01.012. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
We investigated the respiration patterns of wasps (Vespula sp.) in their viable temperature range (2.9-42.4°C) by measuring CO2 production and locomotor and endothermic activity. Wasps showed cycles of an interburst-burst type at low ambient temperatures (Ta<5°C) or typical discontinuous gas exchange patterns with closed, flutter and open phases. At high Ta of >31°C, CO2 emission became cyclic. With rising Ta they enhanced CO2-emission primarily by an exponential increase in respiration frequency, from 2.6 mHz at 4.7°C to 74 mHz at 39.7°C. In the same range of Ta CO2 release per cycle decreased from 38.9 to 26.4 μl g(-1)cycle(-1). A comparison of wasps with other insects showed that they are among the insects with a low respiratory frequency at a given resting metabolic rate (RMR), and a relatively flat increase of respiratory frequency with RMR. CO2 emission was always accompanied by abdominal respiration movements in all open phases and in 71.4% of the flutter phases, often accompanied by body movements. Results suggest that resting wasps gain their highly efficient gas exchange to a considerable extent via the length and type of respiration movements.
我们通过测量二氧化碳的产生量、运动和吸热活动，研究了胡蜂（Vespula sp.）在其可行温度范围内（2.9-42.4°C）的呼吸模式。在环境温度较低（Ta<5°C）时，胡蜂表现出一种爆发-间歇型的循环，或者呈现出典型的不连续气体交换模式，包括关闭、颤动和开放三个阶段。在较高的 Ta（>31°C）下，二氧化碳排放呈周期性。随着 Ta 的升高，它们主要通过呼吸频率的指数增加来增强二氧化碳排放，从 4.7°C时的 2.6 mHz 增加到 39.7°C时的 74 mHz。在相同的 Ta 范围内，每个循环的二氧化碳释放量从 38.9 微升至 26.4 微升。与其他昆虫的比较表明，胡蜂在给定的静止代谢率（RMR）下呼吸频率较低，并且呼吸频率随 RMR 的增加而相对平缓。在所有开放阶段和 71.4%的颤动阶段，二氧化碳排放始终伴随着腹部呼吸运动，通常还伴随着身体运动。结果表明，静止的胡蜂在很大程度上通过呼吸运动的长度和类型获得了高效的气体交换。
