Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 Apr 1;449:29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.037. Epub 2013 Feb 10.
Concentrations of different classes of organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs) viz., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), bromophenols (BPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and their metabolites were determined in cat and dog serum and hair samples from Pakistan. The major DDT metabolite, p,p'-DDE, was the major OHC in cat serum (N=20) and ranged between 1 and 2150 ng/g lipid weight (lw). p,p'-DDE was not detected in dog serum (N=16). In contrary to other OHCs, levels of ∑HO-PCBs were significantly higher in dog serum (median=6.0 ng/g lw) than cat serum (median=2.2 ng/g lw). Levels of most OHCs were significantly higher (p<0.05) in cat serum than those found in human serum from the same region, in particular for ∑PBDEs (ranged 1-1280 ng/g lw). Significantly lower levels of OCPs (p<0.05) were detected in dog serum than in human serum. The concentrations of ∑BPs were seven times higher in cat serum (median 112 ng/g lw) than dog serum (median 16 ng/g lw). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that NBFRs, e.g. 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), and bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), were detected in cat and dog's hair. BTBPE had the highest detection frequency (30%) in the serum samples. In cat and dog hair samples, the order of importance of OHCs was ∑OCPs>∑NBFRs>∑PBDEs>∑PCB, with the highest concentrations being around 38 ng/g hair. In paired hair-serum cat samples (N=12), ∑DDTs (r=0.65, p=0.001) were significantly correlated, while for all other OHCs no significant correlations (p<0.001) were observed in both cats and dogs. Our findings on both hair and serum samples suggested that pet dogs do not bioaccumulate DDTs. Our results are also in agreement with the hypothesis that pets may serve as biosentinels for indoor pollution. This is the first study to document the presence of OHCs in pets from Pakistan and provides baseline information for future monitoring of OHCs in pets.
在来自巴基斯坦的猫和狗的血清和毛发样本中，确定了不同类别的有机卤代污染物（OHCs），即多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）、新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs）、溴酚（BPs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）及其代谢物的浓度。主要的滴滴涕代谢物，p，p'-DDE，是猫血清中的主要 OHC（N=20），范围在 1 到 2150ng/g 脂质重量（lw）之间。在狗血清（N=16）中未检测到 p，p'-DDE。与其他 OHC 相反，∑HO-PCBs 的水平在狗血清（中位数=6.0ng/g lw）中明显高于猫血清（中位数=2.2ng/g lw）。大多数 OHC 的水平在猫血清中明显高于同一地区人类血清中的水平（特别是∑PBDEs，范围在 1 到 1280ng/g lw）。狗血清中的 OCPs（p<0.05）浓度明显低于人类血清。狗血清中 OCPs（p<0.05）的浓度明显低于人类血清。猫血清中∑BPs 的浓度（中位数 112ng/g lw）是狗血清（中位数 16ng/g lw）的七倍。据我们所知，这是首次在猫和狗的毛发中检测到 NBFRs，例如 1,2-双（2,4,6-三溴苯氧基）乙烷（BTBPE）、十溴二苯醚（DBDPE）和双（2-乙基己基）-3,4,5,6-四溴邻苯二甲酸酯（TBPH）。在血清样本中，BTBPE 的检出频率最高（30%）。在猫和狗的毛发样本中，OHC 的重要性顺序为∑OCPs>∑NBFRs>∑PBDEs>∑PCB，最高浓度约为 38ng/g 毛发。在配对的猫血清-毛发样本（N=12）中，∑DDTs（r=0.65，p=0.001）呈显著相关，而对于猫和狗的所有其他 OHCs，均未观察到显著相关性（p<0.001）。我们在毛发和血清样本上的发现表明，宠物狗不会生物积累滴滴涕。我们的结果也与宠物可能作为室内污染的生物哨兵的假设一致。这是首次在来自巴基斯坦的宠物身上记录到 OHCs 的存在，并为未来监测宠物中的 OHCs 提供了基线信息。
