Barański W, Zduńczyk S, Janowski T
Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olszty, Poland.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2013;41(1):15-9.
To determine the impact of cytologically determined endometritis (CE) diagnosed according to three different cytological thresholds in the 4th and 6th week postpartum (p. p.) on the subsequent reproductive performance in dairy cows.
Dairy cows (n = 222) were clinically examined in the 4th week (Exam I) and in the 6th week (Exam II) p. p. and endometrium samples were collected for cytological examination using the cytobrush method. Three cytological thresholds (percent of polymorphonuclear leucocytes to epithelial cells) were used for categorization of cows: 1) > 18% at Exam I and > 10% at Exam II; 2) > 8% at Exams I and II; 3) > 5% at Exams I and II. The animals were categorized as endometritis positive (CE+) or negative (CE-) according to all cytological thresholds at Exams I and II. For all six experimental groups the following reproductive parameters were calculated: first insemination pregnancy rate, number of services per conception, intercalving period, and total pregnancy rate on day 300 p. p.
According to different thresholds prevalence of CE ranged from 48.0% to 65.9% at Exam I and from 26.0% to 34.7% at Exam II. The first insemination pregnancy rate was statistically lower in all CE positive groups at Exam I. Number of inseminations per conception was higher (p < 0.05) in each CE positive cows with exception of group CE+ at Exam II. Intercalving periods were longer in CE cows, and significant (p < 0.05) difference was found for groups ICE+ and ICE- at Exam I. Overall pregnancy rates were similar in cytologically determined endometritis and control cows.
Impaired fertility at herd level may concern only particular reproductive indices. It seems that each herd with subclinical endometritis needs to be evaluated and managed individually, according to the different housing, feeding, and environmental conditions. The first of three thresholds used to cytologically diagnose endometritis seems to be the most reliable when applied in the 4th week p. p.
确定根据产后第4周和第6周三种不同细胞学阈值诊断的细胞学确诊子宫内膜炎（CE）对奶牛后续繁殖性能的影响。
对222头奶牛在产后第4周（检查I）和第6周（检查II）进行临床检查，并使用细胞刷方法采集子宫内膜样本进行细胞学检查。使用三个细胞学阈值（多形核白细胞与上皮细胞的百分比）对奶牛进行分类：1）检查I时>18%，检查II时>10%；2）检查I和II时>8%；3）检查I和II时>5%。根据检查I和II时所有细胞学阈值，将动物分为子宫内膜炎阳性（CE+）或阴性（CE-）。对所有六个实验组计算以下繁殖参数：首次输精妊娠率、每次受孕输精次数、产犊间隔以及产后300天的总妊娠率。
根据不同阈值，检查I时CE的患病率在48.0%至65.9%之间，检查II时在26.0%至34.7%之间。检查I时所有CE阳性组的首次输精妊娠率在统计学上较低。除检查II时的CE+组外，每头CE阳性奶牛的每次受孕输精次数较高（p<0.05）。CE奶牛的产犊间隔较长，检查I时ICE+组和ICE-组之间存在显著（p<0.05）差异。细胞学确诊的子宫内膜炎奶牛和对照奶牛的总体妊娠率相似。
畜群水平的生育力受损可能仅涉及特定的繁殖指标。似乎每个患有亚临床子宫内膜炎的畜群都需要根据不同的饲养、喂养和环境条件进行单独评估和管理。用于细胞学诊断子宫内膜炎的三个阈值中的第一个在产后第4周应用时似乎是最可靠的。
