Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, Olsztyn, Poland.
Theriogenology. 2012 Dec;78(9):1939-47. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.07.018.
The aims of our study were to determine (1) how the prevalence of cytologically determined subclinical endometritis varies when using three different cytological threshold ratios to categorize cows as either with or without endometritis, (2) how the number of animals categorized as having endometritis changes from the fourth to the sixth wk postpartum when using each threshold, (3) how subclinical endometritis influences the number of days open, and (4) how the results of cytological and bacterial examinations correlate. To answer these questions, 222 clinically healthy cows in two herds were examined in the fourth (Exam 1) and the sixth wk (Exam 2) postpartum, when endometrial surface scrapings for bacteriologic and cytologic examination were collected by cytobrush from their uterine horns. After each examination, all cows were categorized using three different thresholds: (1) > 18% polymorphonuclear leucocytes in Exam 1 and > 10% in Exam 2, (2) > 8% in both exams, and (3) > 5% in both exams. It was found that: (1) The number of cows categorized as having endometritis increased as the threshold was lowered, and ranged from 18.9% to 75.4% according to herd, time of examination, and the threshold used; (2) with all three thresholds and in both herds, the number of cows categorized as having endometritis in Exam 1 was approximately double that in Exam 2; whereas depending on the herd and the threshold used, 6.1% to 17.0% of the cows that were negative in the first exam were positive in the second, and 7.4% to 33.3% were positive in both exams; (3) cows were open for a significantly greater number of days if categorized as having endometritis with the first threshold in Exam 1 (mean ± SEM 151.5 ± 9.5 vs. 115.9 ± 7.8; P < 0.01), or with either the first or the second threshold in Exam 2 (mean ± SEM 155.0 ± 15.0 vs. 125.1 ± 6.6; P < 0.05); and (4) the most common bacteria were Streptococcus acidominimus and Escherichia coli, and the correlation between cytologic and bacteriologic findings was low (Φ = 0.08 to 0.17 for different tested thresholds). Subclinical endometritis seems to be associated more with the postpartum recovery of the endometrium than with bacterial infection.
（1）使用三种不同的细胞学阈值将牛分为有或无子宫内膜炎来确定亚临床子宫内膜炎的流行率如何变化；（2）当使用每个阈值时，从产后第四周到第六周，被归类为患有子宫内膜炎的动物数量如何变化；（3）亚临床子宫内膜炎如何影响开放天数；（4）细胞学和细菌检查的结果如何相关。为了回答这些问题，我们对两个牛群中的 222 头临床健康的奶牛在产后第四周（检查 1）和第六周（检查 2）进行了检查，当时用细胞刷从子宫角采集子宫内膜表面刮片进行细菌学和细胞学检查。每次检查后，所有奶牛均使用三种不同的阈值进行分类：（1）检查 1 中多形核白细胞>18%且检查 2 中>10%；（2）两次检查中均>8%；（3）两次检查中均>5%。结果发现：（1）随着阈值的降低，被归类为患有子宫内膜炎的牛的数量增加，根据牛群、检查时间和使用的阈值，范围为 18.9%至 75.4%；（2）使用所有三个阈值，在两个牛群中，在检查 1 中被归类为患有子宫内膜炎的牛的数量约为检查 2 的两倍；然而，根据牛群和使用的阈值，6.1%至 17.0%在第一次检查中呈阴性的奶牛在第二次检查中呈阳性，7.4%至 33.3%在两次检查中均呈阳性；（3）如果在检查 1 中使用第一个阈值将牛归类为患有子宫内膜炎（平均值±SEM 151.5±9.5 vs. 115.9±7.8；P<0.01），或者在检查 2 中使用第一个或第二个阈值（平均值±SEM 155.0±15.0 vs. 125.1±6.6；P<0.05），奶牛的开放天数明显增加；（4）最常见的细菌是链球菌和大肠杆菌，细胞学和细菌学发现之间的相关性较低（不同测试阈值的Φ值为 0.08 至 0.17）。亚临床子宫内膜炎似乎与子宫内膜的产后恢复有关，而与细菌感染无关。
