Wilson Mark R, Weaver Scott C, Winegar Richard A
Forensic Science Program, Western Carolina University, 325 Natural Science Bldg, Cullowhee, NC, 28723.
J Forensic Sci. 2013 Mar;58(2):344-57. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12065. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
The forensic evaluation of viruses presents new challenges to the forensic science community. Although many criminal cases have been adjudicated involving the deliberate transmission of viruses, especially HIV, this review provides a general approach to viral forensics, especially in light of significant biodefense challenges. Newly emerging techniques of nucleic acid sequencing are discussed in a forensic context. Human mitochondrial DNA analysis, wherein mixed profiles are routinely assessed in a forensic context, provides the groundwork for an interpretational approach to the issue of mixed DNA sequences. The importance of phylogenetic classification is discussed as both providing an integrated graphical depiction of the structure of viral nucleic acid variation as well as offering a tool that can be used to assess the relatedness of complex populations of nucleic acids.
对病毒的法医鉴定给法医学界带来了新的挑战。尽管许多涉及故意传播病毒（尤其是艾滋病毒）的刑事案件已经作出裁决，但本综述提供了一种病毒法医鉴定的通用方法，特别是鉴于重大的生物防御挑战。在法医背景下讨论了新出现的核酸测序技术。人类线粒体DNA分析在法医背景下经常对混合图谱进行评估，为解释混合DNA序列问题提供了基础。讨论了系统发育分类的重要性，它既提供了病毒核酸变异结构的综合图形描述，又提供了一种可用于评估复杂核酸群体相关性的工具。
