Institute for Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universität Leipzig, Gustav-Kühn-Str. 8, 04159 Leipzig, Germany.
Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
J Dairy Sci. 2013 Apr;96(4):2464-2475. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-6077. Epub 2013 Feb 15.
Many diarrheic calves suffer from metabolic acidosis, which is commonly treated by oral rehydration therapy. Oral rehydration solutions can be prepared in water, milk, or milk replacer. Therefore, the aim of the study was to verify dietary effects of water- or milk replacer-based oral rehydration solutions on parameters of acid-base balance in calves with experimentally induced hyperchloremic and dl-lactate acidosis. In 12 calves, hyperchloremic or dl-lactate acidosis was induced by HCl or dl-lactic acid infusions according to protocols outlined in previous literature. Immediately after induction, the calves were fed with milk replacer or water- or milk replacer-based oral rehydration solutions, or remained fasting, respectively. Blood samples were taken to monitor acid-base status over an experimental period of 4h. Using the protocols, all calves revealed a manifest hyperchloremic or dl-lactate acidosis. Because of high infusion volumes, plasma volume was expanded and effects of feeding regimens on blood parameters were rare. Unexpected clinical aberrations occurred after repeated induction of dl-lactate acidosis: all calves developed a thrombophlebitis of the jugular vein, whereas HCl infusion had no effect on endothelium. Induction of acidosis via infusion is not suitable to study dietary effects. A protocol to induce acidosis and dehydration simultaneously is required to duplicate the metabolic conditions of diarrheic calves. In further investigations, attention should be focused on effects of d-lactate or its metabolites on endothelial tissue.
许多腹泻的犊牛患有代谢性酸中毒，通常采用口服补液疗法进行治疗。口服补液溶液可以用水、牛奶或代乳粉配制。因此，本研究旨在验证基于水或代乳粉的口服补液溶液对实验诱导的高氯和 dl-乳酸酸中毒犊牛酸碱平衡参数的饮食影响。在 12 头犊牛中，根据先前文献中概述的方案，通过 HCl 或 dl-乳酸输注诱导高氯或 dl-乳酸酸中毒。诱导后，犊牛分别用代乳粉或水或代乳粉基口服补液溶液喂养，或禁食。采集血样以在 4 小时的实验期间监测酸碱状态。使用这些方案，所有犊牛均表现出明显的高氯或 dl-乳酸酸中毒。由于输注量较高，血浆容量扩大，喂养方案对血液参数的影响很少。在反复诱导 dl-乳酸酸中毒后出现了意外的临床异常：所有犊牛均发生颈静脉血栓性静脉炎，而 HCl 输注对内皮无影响。通过输注诱导酸中毒不适合研究饮食影响。需要同时诱导酸中毒和脱水的方案来复制腹泻犊牛的代谢状况。在进一步的研究中，应注意 d-乳酸或其代谢物对内皮组织的影响。
