Uptake and efflux of 14-C-dopamine in platelets: evidence for a generalized defect in Parkinson's disease.

Thirty-five parkinsonian patients (five untreated, six with levodopa only, seven with levodopa plus Ro 4-4602, nine with anticholinergic and/or antihistaminic medication, and eight with the anticholinergic/antihistaminic medication plus amantadine) and 35 age-matched control subjects were studied. Platelets isolated from each individual plasma were incubated with 14C-dopamine. Uptake was found to be decreased to a significant degree in all treated or untreated parkinsonian patients when compared with control subjects. Anticholinergic and/or antihistaminic medication, with or without amantadine, further decreased the dopamine uptake into platelets, while levodopa alone or with Ro 4-4602 returned uptake values to near normal. Dopamine efflux paralleled exactly the uptake values. The fact that parkinsonian platelets exhibit impaired dopamine uptake, while age-matched control platelets do not, constitutes the first direct evidence in favor of a generalized dopamine defect in Parkinson's disease.