Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33156, USA.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2013 Jul;3(7):550-5. doi: 10.1002/alr.21153. Epub 2013 Feb 19.
The olfactory epithelium is a self-renewing tissue, able to produce new neurons as needed from stem and progenitor cells in its basal layers. In addition, there exists a mesenchymal-like stem cell (MSC) located within the underlying lamina propria. Little is known about the function of this nasal MSC, or its relationship to the olfactory lineage, but there is considerable interest in using the nasal MSC for cell-based therapies. We sought to further explore the biology of the nasal MSC by establishing neurosphere cultures from adult human nasal biopsies, and to examine the anatomic distribution of nasal MSCs.
Nasal biopsies from human patients (n = 5) were obtained from superior, middle, and inferior turbinates or septum. Tissue was cultured to obtain nasal MSCs. Cultures were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, as well as for differentiation capacity.
Although olfactory sensory neuroepithelium is restricted to superior regions in the nasal cavity, neurosphere-forming MSC cultures were, surprisingly, obtained from olfactory as well as non-olfactory regions. These MSC cultures exhibit characteristic robust neurosphere formation and express CD90, CD105, STRO-1, and nestin. Nasal MSCs were found to give rise to neuronal-like cells under differentiation conditions.
The unanticipated broad anatomic distribution of nasal MSCs has implications for cell-based therapy research.
嗅上皮是一种自我更新的组织，能够从其基底细胞层中的干细胞和祖细胞按需产生新的神经元。此外，在基底膜下方还存在一种类似于间充质的干细胞（MSC）。人们对这种鼻 MSC 的功能及其与嗅觉谱系的关系知之甚少，但人们对使用鼻 MSC 进行基于细胞的治疗非常感兴趣。我们试图通过从成人鼻活检中建立神经球培养物来进一步探索鼻 MSC 的生物学特性，并研究鼻 MSC 的解剖分布。
从患者的鼻中隔（n = 5）的上鼻甲、中鼻甲和下鼻甲或鼻中隔获得鼻活检。对组织进行培养以获得鼻 MSC。通过免疫细胞化学和流式细胞术以及分化能力对培养物进行分析。
尽管嗅觉感觉神经上皮仅限于鼻腔的上部区域，但令人惊讶的是，从嗅觉和非嗅觉区域获得了形成神经球的 MSC 培养物。这些 MSC 培养物表现出特征性的强大神经球形成，并表达 CD90、CD105、STRO-1 和巢蛋白。在分化条件下，鼻 MSC 被发现可产生类神经元细胞。
鼻 MSC 出乎意料的广泛解剖分布对基于细胞的治疗研究具有重要意义。
