Xiong Mei, Ni Chen, Pan Jia-Hua, Wang Qiang, Zheng Li-Lin
Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2013 Feb;15(2):109-11.
To investigate the cumulative prevalence rate, distribution characteristics, epidemic seasons, predisposing factors and current treatment situation of childhood asthma in Hefei City, China.
In the investigation, stratified cluster random sampling as well as centralized access and separate home visits were applied, and primary screening forms were filled out. Further confirmation was sought in the primary positive cases, according to the diagnostic criteria for asthma. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the cumulative prevalence rate, current treatment situation and predisposing factors for childhood asthma as well as the distribution characteristics of asthma in children of different ages and sexes.
The cumulative prevalence rate of childhood asthma was 5.92%, and there was no significant difference between males and females (6.33% vs 5.42%; P>0.05). The cumulative prevalence rate was highest (8.25%) in children aged 3-6 years. Of the children with acute asthma attack, 42.0% suffered attacks during periods of seasonal transition, and 34.4% suffered attacks at midnight. Among the 552 children with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma, 533 (96.6%) developed asthma due to respiratory tract infection and 312 (56.5%) due to weather change. Most asthmatic children (513/552, 92.9%) received treatment with antibiotics, and 492 asthmatic children (89.1%) were treated with systemic hormones.
The cumulative prevalence rate of childhood asthma is 5.92% in Hefei, and the peak age of onset is 3-6 years. Acute asthma attack occurs mostly during periods of seasonal transition and at midnight. Respiratory tract infection and weather change are the main predisposing factors for childhood asthma. Antibiotics and systemic hormones are still widely used in the treatment of asthma.
调查中国合肥市儿童哮喘的累积患病率、分布特征、流行季节、诱发因素及当前治疗情况。
调查采用分层整群随机抽样，集中询问与入户调查相结合，填写初筛表。对初筛阳性病例依据哮喘诊断标准进一步确诊。进行统计分析以确定儿童哮喘的累积患病率、当前治疗情况及诱发因素，以及不同年龄和性别的儿童哮喘分布特征。
儿童哮喘累积患病率为5.92%，男女之间无显著差异（6.33%对5.42%；P>0.05）。3至6岁儿童累积患病率最高（8.25%）。在急性哮喘发作的儿童中，42.0%在季节交替期间发作，34.4%在午夜发作。在552例确诊哮喘的儿童中，533例（96.6%）因呼吸道感染引发哮喘，312例（56.5%）因天气变化引发哮喘。大多数哮喘儿童（513/552，92.9%）接受了抗生素治疗，492例哮喘儿童（89.1%）接受了全身激素治疗。
合肥市儿童哮喘累积患病率为5.92%，发病高峰年龄为3至6岁。急性哮喘发作多发生在季节交替期间和午夜。呼吸道感染和天气变化是儿童哮喘的主要诱发因素。抗生素和全身激素仍广泛用于哮喘治疗。
