Olsson B, Rett A
Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute for Research on Brain Damage in Children, Wien, Austria.
Brain Dev. 1990;12(1):11-5. doi: 10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80166-5.
In a review of results of clinical observations, girls from 2:03 (yrs:mos) at stages III and IV of the Rett syndrome (RS) and autistic children from 4:01 with or without severe mental retardation were compared as to their behavioral traits. Signs of concordance between the extremely low mental, affective and motor developmental levels, such as in the expression of the eyes, are a prominent feature of RS, whereas signs of higher cortical functions that are in contrast with insufficient relations to objects, people and space are a prominent characteristic in autism. It is argued that insistence on sameness, avoidance of social stimuli and self-injurious stereotypies of autistic children are neurotic reactions based on their insufficient object relations. On the basis of the clinical findings a theory is proposed, according to which there exists a system for involuntary contributions to the affective engagement in perception, which is insufficiently developed in autism and in earlier stages of RS. Regarding its structure and function, it is analogous to the phylogenetically old extrapyramidal system and its necessary involuntary emotional contributions to all voluntary movements and postures.
在一项临床观察结果综述中，对患有雷特综合征（RS）III期和IV期、年龄为2岁零3个月的女孩，以及年龄为4岁零1个月、有或没有严重智力迟钝的自闭症儿童的行为特征进行了比较。极低的智力、情感和运动发育水平之间的一致性迹象，比如眼神的表达，是雷特综合征的一个突出特征，而与对物体、人和空间的联系不足形成对比的较高皮质功能迹象，则是自闭症的一个突出特点。有人认为，自闭症儿童坚持同一性、回避社会刺激和自我伤害性刻板行为是基于其客体关系不足的神经症反应。基于临床发现提出了一种理论，根据该理论，存在一个对感知中的情感投入进行非自愿贡献的系统，该系统在自闭症和雷特综合征的早期阶段发育不足。就其结构和功能而言，它类似于系统发生上古老的锥体外系及其对所有随意运动和姿势的必要非自愿情感贡献。
