School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-S1-S11. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
Mothers of preterm infants are considered at higher risk for depressive symptoms, higher than for mothers of healthy term infants. Predictors of depressive symptoms in mothers of preterm infants are not yet well established. Immigrant mothers of term infants have higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than Canadian born mothers but the relative prevalence for immigrant mothers of preterm infants is unknown. This study had two aims: (i) to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in immigrant as compared to Canadian born mothers of preterm infants, and (ii) to determine what factors are associated with depressive symptoms in mothers of preterm infants.
This is a multi-site, cross sectional study of mothers whose preterm infants required hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Consecutive eligible mothers (N = 291) were recruited during the week prior to their infant's NICU discharge. Mothers completed a self-administered questionnaire booklet of validated psychosocial/cultural measures including the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Parental Stressor Scale:NICU, General Functioning Subscale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device, Social Support Index, and Vancouver Index of Acculturation; and demographic characteristics questions. Infant characteristics included gestational age, birth weight, sex, singleton/multiple birth, and Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II.
Immigrant mothers (N = 107), when compared to Canadian born mothers (N = 184), reported more depressive symptoms, poorer family functioning, less social support, and less mainstream acculturation. Hierarchical regression for a subsample of 271 mothers indicated that single parent status, high stress, poorer family functioning, and less social support were associated with increased depressive symptoms and accounted for 39% of the variance on the CES-D. Immigrant status did not contribute significantly to the final regression model.
Immigrant mothers of preterm infants are at increased risk for depressive symptoms. For immigrant and Canadian born mothers of preterm infants hospitalized in NICU and particularly for single mothers, interventions to reduce stress and increase family functioning and social support may reduce depressive symptoms. Given the effects of depression on maternal health and functioning, such an intervention may improve child outcomes.
早产儿的母亲被认为比健康足月婴儿的母亲更容易出现抑郁症状。早产儿母亲抑郁症状的预测因素尚未得到很好的确定。与加拿大出生的母亲相比，足月出生的移民母亲抑郁症状的发生率更高，但早产儿移民母亲的相对发生率尚不清楚。本研究有两个目的：（i）调查与加拿大出生的母亲相比，早产儿移民母亲抑郁症状的发生率，（ii）确定哪些因素与早产儿母亲的抑郁症状有关。
这是一项多地点、横断面研究，研究对象为需要在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院的早产儿的母亲。在婴儿从 NICU 出院前一周，连续招募符合条件的母亲（N=291）。母亲完成了一份自我管理的心理社会/文化措施问卷手册，包括流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）、新生儿急性生理学评分 II 的应激量表：NICU、麦克马斯特家庭评估装置的一般功能量表、社会支持指数和温哥华文化适应量表；以及人口统计学特征问题。婴儿特征包括胎龄、出生体重、性别、单胎/多胎和新生儿急性生理学评分 II。
与加拿大出生的母亲（N=184）相比，移民母亲（N=107）报告了更多的抑郁症状、较差的家庭功能、较少的社会支持和较少的主流文化适应。对 271 名母亲的子样本进行层次回归分析表明，单亲家庭、高压力、较差的家庭功能和较少的社会支持与抑郁症状增加有关，占 CES-D 总分的 39%。移民身份对最终回归模型没有显著贡献。
早产儿的移民母亲患抑郁症状的风险增加。对于 NICU 住院的早产儿的移民和加拿大出生的母亲，特别是单亲母亲，减少压力、增强家庭功能和社会支持的干预措施可能会减少抑郁症状。鉴于抑郁对母亲健康和功能的影响，这种干预措施可能会改善儿童的预后。
