Lautenschlager Stephan
Dermatologisches Ambulatorium, Stadtspital Triemli, Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2013 Feb 27;102(5):273-8. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a001200.
Although there have been significant advances in diagnosis, treatment, and education, the occurence of STI continues to increase worldwide as well as in Switzerland. The most common STI include human papillomavirus (HPV), chlamydia, herpes, simplex virus types 1 and 2, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B and trichomoniasis. Diagnosis and treatment continue to be major public health challenges because of the asymptomatic nature of many of these infections. Recent studies showed favorable epidemiologic trends for HPV infection in vaccinated females as well as in some males. On the other hand we are confronted with rising incidences e.g. in urethritis with various causative agents and in syphilis cases. Alarmingly during the last 3 years gonococci have become less susceptible to our remaining antibiotics, necessitating strict adherence to updated treatment guidelines. Other trends in STIs and their consequences are discussed.
尽管在诊断、治疗和教育方面已经取得了重大进展,但性传播感染(STI)在全球以及瑞士的发生率仍在持续上升。最常见的性传播感染包括人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)、衣原体、疱疹、1型和2型单纯疱疹病毒、淋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎和滴虫病。由于这些感染中的许多都具有无症状性,诊断和治疗仍然是重大的公共卫生挑战。最近的研究表明,接种疫苗的女性以及一些男性中HPV感染呈现出有利的流行病学趋势。另一方面,我们面临着发病率上升的情况,例如由各种病原体引起的尿道炎以及梅毒病例。令人担忧的是,在过去3年中,淋球菌对我们现有的抗生素越来越不敏感,这就需要严格遵守最新的治疗指南。本文还讨论了性传播感染的其他趋势及其后果。