Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine - Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital - Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
Thromb Haemost. 2013 Jun;109(6):980-90. doi: 10.1160/TH12-11-0819. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory and thrombotic disease, in which both CD4+ T cells and platelets play important roles throughout all stages of atherogenesis. CD4+ T cells are the most abundant T cells present in atherosclerotic lesions. They are primarily seen as type 1 T helper (Th1) cells, while the other CD4+ T cell subsets Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells are also found in the lesions with lower frequencies. CD4+ T effector cells release various cytokines, which exert paracrine or autocrine effects among different CD4+ T cell subsets and other lesional cells and subsequently modulate inflammatory processes in the lesions. Platelets are instrumental in thrombosis and haemostasis, but also play important regulatory roles in immune response, inflammation, and angiogenesis. The present review summarises the current knowledge and/or understanding on how platelets regulate recruitment, activation, differentiation, and cytokine production of different CD4+ T cell subsets, as well as impacts of the platelet- CD4+ T cell interactions on atherogenesis. The research perspectives of platelet-CD4+ T cell interaction in atherosclerosis are also discussed.
动脉粥样硬化是一种炎症和血栓形成性疾病，其中 CD4+T 细胞和血小板在动脉粥样硬化形成的所有阶段都发挥重要作用。CD4+T 细胞是动脉粥样硬化病变中最丰富的 T 细胞。它们主要被视为 1 型辅助性 T 细胞（Th1），而其他 CD4+T 细胞亚群 Th2、Th17 和调节性 T（Treg）细胞也以较低的频率存在于病变中。CD4+T 效应细胞释放各种细胞因子，这些细胞因子在不同的 CD4+T 细胞亚群和其他病变细胞之间发挥旁分泌或自分泌作用，随后调节病变中的炎症过程。血小板在血栓形成和止血中起重要作用，但在免疫反应、炎症和血管生成中也发挥重要的调节作用。本文综述了目前关于血小板如何调节不同 CD4+T 细胞亚群的募集、激活、分化和细胞因子产生的知识/理解，以及血小板-CD4+T 细胞相互作用对动脉粥样硬化形成的影响。还讨论了血小板-CD4+T 细胞相互作用在动脉粥样硬化中的研究前景。
