Gaston-Johansson Fannie, Haisfield-Wolfe Mary Ellen, Reddick Bobbie, Goldstein Nancy, Lawal Tokunbor A
School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2013 Mar;40(2):120-31. doi: 10.1188/13.ONF.120-131.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To (a) examine coping capacity, psychological distress, spiritual well-being, positive and negative religious coping, and coping strategies among African American (AA) women with breast cancer, and (b) explore relationships among these variables to enhance an already tested comprehensive coping strategy program (CCSP) intervention for AA women with breast cancer (CCSP-AA).
Descriptive-correlational.
Comprehensive cancer center in Maryland.
17 AA women with breast cancer.
Women completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Sense of Coherence scale, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being, Brief Religious Coping Inventory, and Coping Strategies Questionnaire.
Psychological distress, coping capacity, coping strategies, religious coping, and spiritual well-being.
A higher coping capacity was beneficial, as it was related to less psychological distress, negative religious coping, and catastrophizing. Women using less negative religious coping had greater spiritual well-being and less distress. Using more coping self-statements was associated with higher spiritual well-being and less negative religious coping. Catastrophizing had a negative effect on psychological distress and spiritual well-being.
The development of a CCSP-AA that incorporates aspects of spirituality and components in a coping intervention needs to be tested in a clinical trial. The intervention will teach patients to recognize and restructure their thinking to avoid catastrophizing and negative religious coping.
Nurses need to work collaboratively with AA women to reinforce beneficial coping patterns and approaches. A tailored CCSP-AA for women with breast cancer administered by a nurse can be taught to assist AA patients in coping more effectively.
AA women with breast cancer use more positive religious coping and experience less distress and greater spiritual well-being, but catastrophizing has a negative effect on spiritual well-being. Nurses need to reinforce positive coping patterns for AA women with cancer.
目的/目标：(a) 研究非裔美国（AA）乳腺癌女性的应对能力、心理困扰、精神健康、积极和消极的宗教应对方式以及应对策略；(b) 探索这些变量之间的关系，以完善一个已经过测试的针对 AA 乳腺癌女性的综合应对策略项目（CCSP-AA）干预措施。
描述性相关性研究。
马里兰州的综合癌症中心。
17 名 AA 乳腺癌女性。
研究对象完成了医院焦虑抑郁量表、连贯感量表、慢性病治疗功能评估-精神健康量表、简短宗教应对问卷和应对策略问卷。
心理困扰、应对能力、应对策略、宗教应对方式和精神健康。
较高的应对能力有益，因为它与较少的心理困扰、消极的宗教应对方式和灾难化思维相关。采用较少消极宗教应对方式的女性精神健康状况更好，困扰更少。更多地使用应对自我陈述与更高的精神健康水平和更少的消极宗教应对方式相关。灾难化思维对心理困扰和精神健康有负面影响。
需要在临床试验中测试一个结合精神层面因素和应对干预措施的 CCSP-AA。该干预措施将教导患者识别并重构思维，以避免灾难化思维和消极的宗教应对方式。
护士需要与 AA 女性合作，强化有益的应对模式和方法。护士可以传授一个为乳腺癌女性量身定制的 CCSP-AA，以帮助 AA 患者更有效地应对。
AA 乳腺癌女性更多地采用积极的宗教应对方式，经历的困扰更少，精神健康状况更好，但灾难化思维对精神健康有负面影响。护士需要强化 AA 癌症女性的积极应对模式。
