Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
Mycologia. 2013 Jul-Aug;105(4):1077-86. doi: 10.3852/12-287. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
SCARs were developed by cloning RAPD-PCR amplicons into commercially available vectors, sequencing them and designing specific primers for PCR, direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Eighteen to seventy percent of cloned RAPD-PCR amplicons were phylogenetically informative among closely related small-spored Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp. and Tilletia spp., taxa that have been resistant to phylogenetic analysis with universally primed, protein-coding sequence data. Selected SCARs were sequenced for larger, population-scale samples of each taxon and demonstrated to be useful for phylogenetic inference. Variation observed in the cloned SCARs generally was higher than variation in nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and several protein-coding sequences commonly used in lower level fungal systematics. Sequence data derived from SCARs will provide sufficient resolution to address lower level phylogenetic hypotheses in Alternaria, Ascochyta, Tilletia and possibly many other fungal groups and organisms.
SCARs 是通过将 RAPD-PCR 扩增子克隆到商业上可获得的载体中，对其进行测序，并设计用于 PCR、直接测序和系统发育分析的特定引物而开发的。在亲缘关系密切的小孢子链格孢菌、壳二孢菌和黑粉菌属中，克隆的 RAPD-PCR 扩增子中有 18%至 70%具有系统发育信息，这些分类群以前一直难以使用通用引物和蛋白质编码序列数据进行系统发育分析。选择的 SCARs 对每个分类群的更大、种群规模的样本进行了测序，并证明对系统发育推断有用。在克隆的 SCARs 中观察到的变异通常高于核核糖体内部转录间隔区（ITS）和几种常用于较低水平真菌系统发育的蛋白质编码序列的变异。从 SCARs 获得的序列数据将提供足够的分辨率来解决链格孢属、壳二孢属、黑粉菌属和可能许多其他真菌类群和生物体中的较低水平系统发育假设。
