Department of Microbiology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Panaji, Goa 403206 India.
Indian J Microbiol. 2012 Mar;52(1):22-7. doi: 10.1007/s12088-011-0225-z. Epub 2011 Sep 10.
The isolation of obligate halophilic aspergilli from the Dead Sea and the range of salt tolerance of halophilic fungi isolated, are reported here for the first time. The mycobiota of the Dead Sea isolated in this study, was dominated by Aspergillus and Penicillium species; Cladosporium were found in lesser numbers. All three genera were obtained from the water sample; however, Aspergillus was the only genus obtained from the sediment. There was significant difference in growth of each isolate at different salt concentrations and intraspecies analysis revealed dissimilarity in response of strains to different salt concentrations in the growth medium The isolates were euryhaline, with halotolerance up to 20-25% solar salt, Aspergillus and Penicillium species showing a higher level of halotolerance, as compared to that of Cladosporium. Halophilic fungi were found in greater numbers in the sediment sample as compared to that in the water sample. Penicillium and Cladosporium species were exclusively facultative halophiles, while some species of Aspergillus were facultative halophiles. All the obligate halophiles isolated, belonged to the genus Aspergillus and were identified as A. penicillioides and A unguis, the latter being a first record of the species from the Dead Sea.
首次报道了从死海分离出专性嗜盐曲霉以及所分离的嗜盐真菌的耐盐范围。本研究从死海中分离出的真菌区系主要由曲霉属和青霉属组成；较少数量的则为枝孢属。这三个属均从水样中获得，但仅从沉积物中获得曲霉属。在不同盐浓度下，每个分离株的生长有显著差异，种内分析表明，不同盐浓度对生长介质中菌株的反应存在差异。分离株是广盐的，耐盐度高达 20-25%的太阳盐，与枝孢属相比，曲霉属和青霉属显示出更高的耐盐度。与水样相比，沉积物样品中嗜盐真菌的数量更多。青霉属和枝孢属是专性兼性嗜盐菌，而一些曲霉属则是兼性嗜盐菌。所有分离出的专性嗜盐菌均属于曲霉属，被鉴定为青霉和角状青霉，后者是该物种首次从死海记录。
