Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
Thromb Res. 2013 Jan;131 Suppl 1:S42-6. doi: 10.1016/S0049-3848(13)70020-3.
In fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT), antibodies against paternal antigens present on fetal platelets are produced by the mother. These antibodies will cross the placenta and can cause thrombocytopenia of the unborn. One severe consequence of thrombocytopenia is intracranial bleeding which may lead to death or severe sequelae. FNAIT index cases in one family are usually detected at birth only since antenatal screening programmes have not been installed so far. Subsequent pregnancies of immunized mothers may require special diagnostic and prophylactic interventions, and interdisciplinary counselling and treatment involving obstetricians, pediatricians and immunohematologists may prove useful for optimized care. This short review covers pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic, and therapeutic options in FNAIT.
在胎儿/新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症 (FNAIT) 中，母亲会产生针对胎儿血小板上存在的父系抗原的抗体。这些抗体将穿过胎盘，并可能导致胎儿血小板减少症。血小板减少症的一个严重后果是颅内出血，这可能导致死亡或严重后遗症。由于迄今尚未建立产前筛查计划，因此一个家庭中的 FNAIT 指数病例通常仅在出生时被发现。免疫母亲的后续妊娠可能需要特殊的诊断和预防干预措施，并且涉及产科医生、儿科医生和免疫血液学家的跨学科咨询和治疗可能有助于优化护理。这篇简短的综述涵盖了 FNAIT 的发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗选择。
