Tuchscherer Daniel, Reinhart Walter H
Departement Medizin, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur.
Ther Umsch. 2013 Mar;70(3):147-51. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930/a000382.
Although the spleen is not essential for survival, it has important functions such as immune defence, blood filtration, retention and on demand extramedullary hematopoiesis. The white pulp with its T-lymphocytes in perarteriolar lymphoid sheaths and B-lymphocytes in lymphoid follicules is responsible for the detection and removal of circulating pathogens. After splenectomy, this immune defence is missing, which may lead to overwhelming post- splenectomy sepsis by encapsulated bacteria, which has a high mortality rate. In the red pulp, the blood is filtered through narrow slits in the sinusoidal endothelium, which abnormal and senescent erythrocytes can not pass and are eliminated by macrophages. The spleen is, therefore, not a "spleen" of nature, but a sophisticated organ.
尽管脾脏并非生存所必需，但它具有重要功能，如免疫防御、血液过滤、血细胞储存以及按需进行的髓外造血。白髓中的动脉周围淋巴鞘含有T淋巴细胞，淋巴滤泡含有B淋巴细胞，负责检测和清除循环中的病原体。脾切除术后，这种免疫防御功能丧失，可能导致由包膜细菌引起的脾切除术后暴发性脓毒症，死亡率很高。在红髓中，血液通过窦状内皮中的狭窄缝隙进行过滤，异常和衰老的红细胞无法通过，被巨噬细胞清除。因此，脾脏并非大自然中的一个“普通脾脏”，而是一个复杂的器官。
