Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013 Oct;70(20):3871-82. doi: 10.1007/s00018-013-1290-8. Epub 2013 Mar 1.
The low regeneration potential of the central nervous system (CNS) represents a challenge for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as a possible therapeutic tool for CNS disorders. In addition to their differentiation potential, it is well accepted nowadays that their beneficial actions can also be mediated by their secretome. Indeed, it was already demonstrated, both in vitro and in vivo, that MSCs are able to secrete a broad range of neuroregulatory factors that promote an increase in neurogenesis, inhibition of apoptosis and glial scar formation, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, neuronal and glial cell survival, as well as relevant neuroprotective actions on different pathophysiological contexts. Considering their protective action in lesioned sites, MSCs' secretome might also improve the integration of local progenitor cells in neuroregeneration processes, opening a door for their future use as therapeutical strategies in human clinical trials. Thus, in this review we analyze the current understanding of MSCs secretome as a new paradigm for the treatment of CNS neurodegenerative diseases.
中枢神经系统（CNS）的低再生潜能是开发新治疗策略的挑战。间充质干细胞（MSCs）已被提议作为 CNS 疾病的一种可能的治疗工具。除了它们的分化潜能，现在人们普遍接受的是，它们的有益作用也可以通过它们的分泌组来介导。事实上，已经在体外和体内证明，MSCs 能够分泌广泛的神经营养因子，促进神经发生、抑制细胞凋亡和神经胶质瘢痕形成、免疫调节、血管生成、神经元和神经胶质细胞存活，以及对不同病理生理情况下的相关神经保护作用。考虑到它们在损伤部位的保护作用，MSCs 的分泌组也可能改善局部祖细胞在神经再生过程中的整合，为它们未来在人类临床试验中的治疗策略的应用开辟了道路。因此，在这篇综述中，我们分析了 MSCs 分泌组作为治疗 CNS 神经退行性疾病的新范例的现有理解。
