Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
Am J Health Promot. 2013 Sep-Oct;28(1):59-65. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.120316-QUAN-143. Epub 2013 Mar 4.
The aims of the current study were to (1) determine the association between personal income and body mass index (BMI) and between individual education and BMI, and (2) examine the association between education and BMI across strata of personal income among women.
The design of the study was a quantitative analysis of data from self-report questionnaires.
The study setting was socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods in Victoria, Australia.
The study included 4065 nonpregnant women (ages 18-45 years) living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
The study used a self-report questionnaire measuring sociodemographic characteristics known to be associated with BMI.
Multiple linear regressions with imputation were used to assess the association between education level, personal income, and BMI, while controlling for covariates.
Mean (SD) observed BMI was 26.0 (6.1) kg/m2. Compared with women with low education, women with medium (b = -0.81; 95% confidence interval, -1.30 to -0.27; p = .004) and high (b = -1.71; 95% confidence interval, -2.34 to -1.09; p < .001) education had statistically significantly lower BMI values. No differences in BMI were observed between income categories. Stratified analyses suggested that the education-BMI association may be stronger in low-income than higher-income women.
Our data show that among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, high education level rather than personal income may be protective against overweight/obesity. High personal income, however, may buffer the effects of low education on BMI. Obesity prevention efforts should target women with amplified disadvantage.
本研究旨在：（1）确定个人收入与体重指数（BMI）之间以及个体教育与 BMI 之间的关联；（2）检验女性个人收入阶层中教育与 BMI 的关联。
本研究是对自我报告问卷数据的定量分析。
研究地点是澳大利亚维多利亚州社会经济地位较低的社区。
研究纳入了 4065 名居住在社会经济地位较低地区的非孕妇女性（年龄 18-45 岁）。
研究使用了一份自我报告问卷，其中包含了已知与 BMI 相关的社会人口学特征。
采用多重线性回归和插补法，在控制协变量的情况下，评估教育水平、个人收入与 BMI 之间的关系。
观察到的平均（SD）BMI 为 26.0（6.1）kg/m2。与低教育程度的女性相比，中教育程度（b = -0.81；95%置信区间，-1.30 至 -0.27；p =.004）和高教育程度（b = -1.71；95%置信区间，-2.34 至 -1.09；p <.001）的女性 BMI 值统计学上显著更低。不同收入类别的 BMI 没有差异。分层分析表明，这种教育与 BMI 的关联在低收入女性中可能比高收入女性更强。
我们的数据表明，在生活在社会经济地位较低地区的女性中，高教育水平而不是个人收入可能对超重/肥胖具有保护作用。然而，高个人收入可能会减轻低教育对 BMI 的影响。肥胖预防工作应针对处于劣势地位的女性。
