Minett G M, Duffield R, Billaut F, Cannon J, Portus M R, Marino F E
School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Qld, Australia.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2014 Aug;24(4):656-66. doi: 10.1111/sms.12060. Epub 2013 Mar 4.
This study examined the effects of post-exercise cooling on recovery of neuromuscular, physiological, and cerebral hemodynamic responses after intermittent-sprint exercise in the heat. Nine participants underwent three post-exercise recovery trials, including a control (CONT), mixed-method cooling (MIX), and cold-water immersion (10 °C; CWI). Voluntary force and activation were assessed simultaneously with cerebral oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) pre- and post-exercise, post-intervention, and 1-h and 24-h post-exercise. Measures of heart rate, core temperature, skin temperature, muscle damage, and inflammation were also collected. Both cooling interventions reduced heart rate, core, and skin temperature post-intervention (P < 0.05). CWI hastened the recovery of voluntary force by 12.7 ± 11.7% (mean ± SD) and 16.3 ± 10.5% 1-h post-exercise compared to MIX and CONT, respectively (P < 0.01). Voluntary force remained elevated by 16.1 ± 20.5% 24-h post-exercise after CWI compared to CONT (P < 0.05). Central activation was increased post-intervention and 1-h post-exercise with CWI compared to CONT (P < 0.05), without differences between conditions 24-h post-exercise (P > 0.05). CWI reduced cerebral oxygenation compared to MIX and CONT post-intervention (P < 0.01). Furthermore, cooling interventions reduced cortisol 1-h post-exercise (P < 0.01), although only CWI blunted creatine kinase 24-h post-exercise compared to CONT (P < 0.05). Accordingly, improvements in neuromuscular recovery after post-exercise cooling appear to be disassociated with cerebral oxygenation, rather reflecting reductions in thermoregulatory demands to sustain force production.
本研究考察了运动后降温对热环境中间歇冲刺运动后神经肌肉、生理和脑血流动力学反应恢复的影响。九名参与者进行了三项运动后恢复试验，包括对照试验（CONT）、混合方法降温试验（MIX）和冷水浸泡试验（10°C；CWI）。在运动前、运动后、干预后、运动后1小时和24小时，同时评估自愿力量和激活情况以及脑氧合（近红外光谱法）。还收集了心率、核心温度、皮肤温度、肌肉损伤和炎症的测量数据。两种降温干预措施均降低了干预后的心率、核心温度和皮肤温度（P<0.05）。与MIX和CONT相比，CWI分别使运动后1小时的自愿力量恢复加快了12.7±11.7%（平均值±标准差）和16.3±10.5%（P<0.01）。与CONT相比，CWI后运动24小时自愿力量仍升高了16.1±20.5%（P<0.05）。与CONT相比，CWI干预后和运动后1小时中枢激活增加（P<0.05），运动后24小时各条件之间无差异（P>0.05）。与MIX和CONT相比，CWI干预后脑氧合降低（P<0.01）。此外，降温干预措施降低了运动后1小时的皮质醇水平（P<0.01），尽管与CONT相比，只有CWI使运动后24小时的肌酸激酶水平降低（P<0.05）。因此，运动后降温后神经肌肉恢复的改善似乎与脑氧合无关，而是反映了维持力量产生的体温调节需求的降低。
