Hou Xiao, Liu Jingmin, Weng Kaixiang, Griffin Lisa, Rice Laura A, Jan Yih-Kuen
School of Sport Sciences, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Aug 23;9:659138. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.659138. eCollection 2021.
Various interventions have been applied to improve recovery from muscle fatigue based on evidence from subjective outcomes, such as perceived fatigue and soreness, which may partly contribute to conflicting results of reducing muscle fatigue. There is a need to assess the effectiveness of various intervention on reducing neuromuscular fatigue assessed by a quantitative outcome, such as electromyography (EMG). The objective of this review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions and intervention timing for reducing fatigue rates during exercise. The literature was searched from the earliest record to March 2021. Eighteen studies with a total of 87 data points involving 281 participants and seven types of interventions [i.e., active recovery (AR), compression, cooling, electrical stimulation (ES), light-emitting diode therapy (LEDT), massage, and stretching] were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that compression (SMD = 0.28; 95% CI = -0.00 to 0.56; = 0.05; = 58%) and LEDT (SMD = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.88; = 0.01; = 52%) have a significant recovery effect on reducing muscle fatigue. Additionally, compression, AR, and cooling have a significant effect on reducing muscle fatigue when conducted during exercise, whereas a non-effective trend when applied after exercise. This meta-analysis suggests that compression and LEDT have a significant effect on reducing muscle fatigue. The results also suggest that there is a significant effect or an effective trend on reducing muscle fatigue when compression, AR, cooling, and ES are applied during exercise, but not after exercise.
基于主观结果（如感知到的疲劳和酸痛）的证据，已经应用了各种干预措施来促进肌肉疲劳的恢复，这可能部分导致了在减轻肌肉疲劳方面结果相互矛盾。有必要通过定量结果（如肌电图（EMG））来评估各种干预措施对减轻神经肌肉疲劳的有效性。本综述和荟萃分析的目的是评估不同干预措施和干预时机对降低运动期间疲劳率的有效性。从最早的记录到2021年3月对文献进行了检索。本荟萃分析纳入了18项研究，共87个数据点，涉及281名参与者和七种干预类型[即主动恢复（AR）、加压、冷却、电刺激（ES）、发光二极管疗法（LEDT）、按摩和拉伸]。结果表明，加压（标准化均值差（SMD）=0.28；95%置信区间（CI）=-0.00至0.56；P=0.05；I²=58%）和LEDT（SMD=0.49；95%CI=0.11至0.88；P=0.01；I²=52%）在减轻肌肉疲劳方面具有显著的恢复效果。此外，加压、AR和冷却在运动期间进行时对减轻肌肉疲劳有显著效果，而在运动后应用时则呈无效趋势。这项荟萃分析表明，加压和LEDT在减轻肌肉疲劳方面有显著效果。结果还表明，在运动期间应用加压、AR、冷却和ES时，对减轻肌肉疲劳有显著效果或有效趋势，但在运动后应用时则不然。
