Zhang Zhenqing, Linhardt Robert J
Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
Curr Anal Chem. 2009 Jul 1;5(3):225-237. doi: 10.2174/157341109788680291.
Carbohydrates exhibit many physiologically and pharmacologically important activities, yet their complicated structure and sequence pose major analytical challenges. Although their structural complexity makes analysis of carbohydrate difficult, mass spectrometry (MS) with high sensitivity, resolution and accuracy has become a vital tool in many applications related to analysis of carbohydrates or oligosaccharides. This application is essentially based on soft ionization technique which facilitates the ionization and vaporization of large, polar and thermally labile biomolecules. Electrospray-ionization (ESI), one of the soft ionization technique, tandem MS has been used in the sequencing of peptides, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and more recently carbohydrates. The development of the ESI and tandem MS has begun to make carbohydrate analysis more routine. This review will focus on the application of the ESI tandem MS for the sequence analysis of native oligosaccharides, including neutral saccharides with multiple linkages, and the uronic acid polymers, alginate and glycosaminoglycans structures containing epimers.
碳水化合物具有许多重要的生理和药理活性，但其复杂的结构和序列给分析带来了重大挑战。尽管其结构复杂性使得碳水化合物分析困难，但具有高灵敏度、分辨率和准确性的质谱（MS）已成为许多与碳水化合物或寡糖分析相关应用中的重要工具。该应用主要基于软电离技术，该技术有助于大的、极性的和热不稳定生物分子的电离和汽化。电喷雾电离（ESI）作为软电离技术之一，串联质谱已用于肽、蛋白质、脂质、核酸以及最近的碳水化合物的测序。ESI和串联质谱的发展已开始使碳水化合物分析更加常规化。本综述将重点关注ESI串联质谱在天然寡糖序列分析中的应用，包括具有多个连接的中性糖，以及含有差向异构体的糖醛酸聚合物、藻酸盐和糖胺聚糖结构。
